立冬是二十四節氣的第十九個節氣。立,表示自此開始,因此立冬意味著冬季正式來臨。立冬與立春、立夏、立秋合稱四立,在古代社會中是個重要的節日。今年的立冬始于11月7日。
    在清代,立冬時節,秋糧入庫,滿族八旗和漢軍八旗人家就要隆重舉行燒香祭祖活動。漢八旗的祭祀稱為“燒旗香跳虎神”,滿八旗稱“燒葷香”。
    立冬是從秋到冬轉換的標志,因此很受古人重視。皇帝會率領百官進行祭祀,百姓們則舉行儀式祭祀地神,以示感謝,祈求來年的豐收。
     
    立冬之后南北溫差更加拉大。北方的許多地方已是風干物燥、萬物凋零;而華南仍是青山綠水、鳥語花香。
    古時中國是個農耕社會,百姓們一年四季都在忙碌操勞,到立冬就得好好休息一下,補償平時精力的不足,順便犒賞一年來辛苦的一家人。
    立冬是秋季與冬季相交的日子,所謂“交子之時”。古人為了犒勞一年的辛勤農耕,再取“交子”諧音,常在立冬當日食用餃子,這個習俗也流傳了下來。
    The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of winter, the 19th solar term of the year and the first solar term of winter, begins on Nov 7 this year.
    Start of winter is a festive time for the people of Manchu Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners in Benxi, Liaoning province. The Eight Banners (baqi) were military and administrative divisions during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).
    Four beginnings of seasons were important festivals in ancient times. The emperor ate only vegetables prior to the solar term and led his officials to the suburbs on the day of start of winter to partake in a ceremony to "welcome the winter". 
    Temperatures across China differ greatly after start of winter. North China may experience a much drier and cooler climate, while those living in the south can still enjoy green mountains and fragrant flowers.
    Ancient China was an agricultural society, and most crops were harvested by start of winter. As a reward, farmers often ate high-calorie meals (such as mutton and pork) to reward a year's hard work and to nourish and prepare the body for the harsh winter weather.
    Start of winter sits at a cross point between autumn and winter, or at the time of jiaozi. People in ancient China took the homophone and ate dumplings, also jiaozi in Chinese, on the day of start of winter, and the custom was passed on to today. 
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