久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

Green rooftops help clean up Beijing's air

By Cheng Anqi (China Daily)

2012-04-02 09:38

Greening more rooftops can help the capital clean up its air, Cheng Anqi reports in Beijing.

As public debate on air pollution heats up, many are increasingly looking to the Chinese capital's skies to cool rapid urbanization with more greenery. The Beijing municipal government has already announced plans to improve the quality of the city's air by covering 100,000 sq m of roofs with greenery by the end of this year. "Plants and water have been proven to be one of the most effective measures to degrade and dilute PM2.5," says Tan Tianying, president of Beijing Green Roof Association, referring to fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less that are small enough to enter the smallest airways.

"If the city can make better use of building facades and rooftops for greening the environment, or add to the vertical landscape, carbon dioxide can also be greatly reduced."

Green rooftops help clean up Beijing's air

Green rooftops in cities can filter pollutants and carbon dioxide from the air and help reduce the concentration of PM2.5, the fine particulate matter that can be harmful to humans. [Photo by Yang Enuo / For China Daily]

Greening rooftops in cities, or maintaining "living roofs", includes partially or completely covering them with vegetation planted over a waterproofing membrane. Similarly, the vertical landscape, designed to be modular, involves cultivating a garden that grows on walls.

Both methods can filter pollutants and carbon dioxide from the air. This can help people suffering from related afflictions such as asthma.

There are nearly 140 million sq m of bare roofs and walls that are not used for vertical landscaping in Beijing, Tan says.

The exposed spaces not only mar the beauty of the city, but also can add to an unhealthy environment.

"Vertical landscaping and green rooftops hold great potential in urban areas," Tan says. "They benefit more than just their owners."

If each person in Beijing grows just 1 sq m of green area, he says, the capital will be guaranteed with another 20 million sq m of greenery, equivalent to the park area of "dozens of Summer Palaces".

Rooftop plants can also alleviate the urban "heat island effect", Tan says. A layer of plants and earth can cut the rate of heat absorption through the roof in summer by 84 percent, he says. The greenery becomes a great way to stay cool.

Beijing also started to convert 13,000 hectares of land along its 6th Ring Road into forest this month. The green moves are part of a major development program under the capital's 12th Five-Year Plan (2011-15), which has set a target of afforesting 67,000 hectares of land.

Wang Xianmin, secretary-general of the World Green Roof Association, says that 13,000 hectares of trees can absorb 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide and release 1.09 million tons of oxygen every year.

"The recently announced afforestation and roof greening projects are some of the greatest moves I have seen in 60 years since I've been living in Beijing," he says.

"Rooftop greening is one of the most effective ways to reduce the concentration of PM2.5."

Wang offers Canada's rooftop greening efforts as an example for Beijing.

Canada is a heavily forested country, with a total forest coverage of 44 percent, but it still promotes rooftop greening and vertical landscaping in its cities' downtown areas.

Only 3 to 5 percent of negative ions of oxygen - which are beneficial to humans - can reach the downtown areas from forest regions near cities like Toronto, Wang says.

As a result, the Canadian government calls for greening roofs to control the emission of PM 2.5 and reduce the "heat island effect".

The amount of negative ions of oxygen measured at noon one day last summer at Beijing's Tiananmen Square was merely 600 units per cubic centimeter but reached 70,000 units in Miyun district, a suburban area two hours' drive from downtown, Wang says.

In the Greater Hinggan Mountains in northeastern China, the level can easily hit 110,000.

"I hope that the successful experiences of Canada can give us some inspiration on how to improve air quality in the country," says Wang, who believes that the continuous increase in the number of vehicles is one of the major reasons behind the city's air pollution.

The number of vehicles in the country already hit 217 million in 2011, industry figures show. During a traffic congestion, Beijing, which has more than 5 million vehicles, would experience PM 2.5 levels that were up to six times of what was measured on normal days.

Green rooftops help clean up Beijing's air

Two visitors in a hut with vegetated walls at an exposition in Beijing. [Photo by Chen Xiaogen / For China Daily]

The Great Wall Hotel on the capital's 3rd Ring Road was a pioneer of rooftop gardens in northern cities in 1983, when there were less than 200,000 vehicles in Beijing.

"People often held parties on the hotel roof at night, which seldom happens today as the air pollution is getting worse," Wang says.

Beijing Asia Hotel by the 2nd Ring Road is held up as another good example of rooftop greening. The hotel turned the roofs of its office building into a chain of gardens in 2004.

As part of a pilot project in Beijing's Dongcheng district, the roof gardens also feature a 800-sq-m coverage of needle stonecrop (Sedum lineare), an attractive plant that is also popular for its ability to contain water, the hotel's guest service manager Wang Hui says.

"We regularly invite horticulturists to advise us on roof garden cultivation and maintenance," he says. "So we don't spend much money on repetitive works."

While the temperature on conventional roofs can reach 40 C at 1 pm in summer, the hotel's green rooftop is usually much cooler, Wang says.

While a number of real estate agencies believe that vertical landscaping is not worth the expense, that is a misconception because the greenery can protect buildings as well as increase the value of the property, Wang says.

The development of rooftop greenery in Beijing is held back by other wrong practices, including inadequate waterproofing that leads to leakage. All these serve to discourage more people from greening their rooftops, he says.

 

Paper kettle

An Italian designer, Andrea Ponti, designed a recycled paper-made water container for the Milano Expo 2015, according to yankodesign.com.

Bamboo treecycle

The Bamboo treecycle developed by MGT Engineering Ltd is on dispay at the 21th China Int'l Bicycle and Motor Fair.

Charger captures power from Wifi

A US electronics company invented a charger that draws its power from Wifi signals.

World Environment Day

World Environment Day is an annual event that is aimed at being the biggest and most widely celebrated global day for positive environmental action. The theme this year is Forests: Nature At Your Service.

China International Green Industry Expo 2010

The China International Green Industry Expo 2010 (CIGIE 2010) is an important international green industry exhibition hosted by the Chinese government and held at the Beijing Exhibition Center, Nov 24 to 27.

China Wind Power 2010 Conference&Exhibition

China Wind Power 2010 is the largest and most important international wind power conference and exhibition in China.

久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    日韩av一区二区在线影视| 国产成人在线看| 日韩亚洲欧美成人一区| 久久国产尿小便嘘嘘| 久久久久久99久久久精品网站| 国产91色综合久久免费分享| 亚洲欧洲日本在线| 欧美怡红院视频| 免费看日韩a级影片| 国产亚洲午夜高清国产拍精品| 不卡在线观看av| 一级女性全黄久久生活片免费| 337p亚洲精品色噜噜噜| 韩国欧美国产1区| 亚洲人午夜精品天堂一二香蕉| 欧美三级中文字| 国产在线播放一区三区四| 国产精品女上位| 欧美色视频在线观看| 久久精品国产一区二区三| 国产日产欧美一区| 欧洲生活片亚洲生活在线观看| 日韩av二区在线播放| 国产亚洲欧美在线| 欧美视频中文一区二区三区在线观看| 久久国产精品无码网站| 亚洲欧美日韩中文播放| 欧美一区二区在线不卡| 福利电影一区二区| 午夜激情一区二区三区| 久久久久久久久免费| 日本韩国欧美国产| 久久国产精品99精品国产| 亚洲同性gay激情无套| 日韩午夜激情视频| 91丝袜高跟美女视频| 久久er99精品| 一区二区久久久久久| 26uuu亚洲| 欧美性大战久久久久久久| 国产一区二区三区av电影| 亚洲综合激情小说| 久久精品网站免费观看| 欧美精品视频www在线观看| 福利电影一区二区| 日韩精品欧美精品| 综合在线观看色| 久久天堂av综合合色蜜桃网| 欧美色图天堂网| 成人精品国产福利| 韩国成人在线视频| 亚洲国产视频一区| 国产精品三级视频| 欧美va亚洲va在线观看蝴蝶网| 欧美系列在线观看| 99re这里都是精品| 国产一区二区三区不卡在线观看 | 中文字幕制服丝袜一区二区三区 | 欧美视频你懂的| 成人av在线资源网| 精品一区二区日韩| 亚洲福利一区二区三区| 中文字幕亚洲电影| 久久亚洲一区二区三区四区| 欧美肥妇free| 欧美中文字幕不卡| 成人免费视频一区二区| 久久激情五月激情| 日韩激情视频网站| 亚洲综合在线观看视频| 国产精品护士白丝一区av| 久久麻豆一区二区| 日韩午夜三级在线| 777午夜精品免费视频| 欧洲视频一区二区| 91蜜桃婷婷狠狠久久综合9色| 成人午夜激情视频| 风流少妇一区二区| 国产乱色国产精品免费视频| 久久国产麻豆精品| 麻豆一区二区三| 日韩国产精品91| 日韩在线卡一卡二| 亚洲午夜精品在线| 一区二区三区在线视频观看58 | 亚洲一区在线观看视频| 国产精品毛片久久久久久久| 欧美韩日一区二区三区| 国产午夜亚洲精品羞羞网站| 久久免费午夜影院| 欧美精品一区二区三区高清aⅴ| 欧美成人一区二区| 日韩欧美中文字幕一区| 91精品国产aⅴ一区二区| 91精品国产手机| 日韩一级高清毛片| 日韩欧美成人一区| 日韩美女视频在线| 精品奇米国产一区二区三区| 欧美变态tickling挠脚心| 欧美成人官网二区| 精品国产亚洲在线| 国产亚洲一区二区三区四区| 欧美国产成人在线| 国产精品沙发午睡系列990531| 欧美激情一区二区在线| 国产精品久久久久久亚洲毛片 | 最新国产成人在线观看| 综合自拍亚洲综合图不卡区| 亚洲精品视频一区| 亚洲自拍偷拍网站| 日韩激情中文字幕| 久久精品av麻豆的观看方式| 韩国午夜理伦三级不卡影院| 国产精品99久久久久久久vr| 成人激情免费视频| 色综合久久久久久久| 欧美日韩国产在线观看| 欧美顶级少妇做爰| 精品成人私密视频| 欧美极品另类videosde| 亚洲欧美色综合| 亚洲午夜精品一区二区三区他趣| 日韩中文字幕区一区有砖一区| 久久成人综合网| 成人伦理片在线| 日本韩国视频一区二区| 4438x成人网最大色成网站| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久蜜月| 久久久久国产免费免费| 亚洲欧洲av在线| 亚洲第一综合色| 久久99久久99| 岛国av在线一区| 欧日韩精品视频| 91精品国产91久久久久久一区二区| 亚洲精品一区二区三区香蕉 | 美女视频第一区二区三区免费观看网站 | 亚洲一区在线观看视频| 男男gaygay亚洲| 国产福利精品导航| 色噜噜久久综合| 日韩欧美成人一区| 日韩一区中文字幕| 日韩电影免费一区| 国产成人高清在线| 欧美三级日韩三级国产三级| 精品国免费一区二区三区| 国产精品另类一区| 亚洲成人在线观看视频| 精品一区二区三区在线视频| 91偷拍与自偷拍精品| 日韩三区在线观看| 国产精品久久久久久久蜜臀| 亚洲成年人影院| 国产成人在线视频网址| 91官网在线观看| 久久综合久久综合九色| 亚洲精品成a人| 国内久久婷婷综合| 在线观看av一区| 国产午夜亚洲精品理论片色戒| 亚洲国产日韩一级| 国产福利精品导航| 69堂精品视频| 中文字幕欧美一区| 久久成人久久鬼色| 日本高清成人免费播放| 久久综合久久久久88| 亚洲成人免费av| 成人黄色小视频| 精品免费日韩av| 一区二区三区中文字幕在线观看| 国内成人自拍视频| 欧美日韩国产一二三| 国产精品婷婷午夜在线观看| 奇米精品一区二区三区在线观看一| www.欧美精品一二区| 亚洲精品一区二区三区影院 | 欧美一区二区福利视频| 日韩一区有码在线| 国产精品一区免费在线观看| 337p亚洲精品色噜噜噜| 亚洲蜜臀av乱码久久精品蜜桃| 国模一区二区三区白浆| 欧美日韩精品是欧美日韩精品| 国产精品私房写真福利视频| 老司机午夜精品| 欧美日韩日本视频| 一区精品在线播放| 国产激情视频一区二区在线观看| 91麻豆精品国产91| 亚洲伊人色欲综合网| 99久久99久久久精品齐齐 | 久久久精品蜜桃| 免费在线观看视频一区| 欧美日韩一区二区不卡| 亚洲免费av高清| bt7086福利一区国产| 国产视频亚洲色图|