久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

USEUROPEAFRICAASIA 中文雙語Fran?ais
Business
Home / Business / Motoring

General Motors takes hit to chase e-car boom

China Daily | Updated: 2016-12-05 08:16

General Motors Co stands to lose as much as $9,000 on its electric subcompact Chevrolet Bolt. Sounds crazy, but it makes perfect business sense under the no pain, no gain policy driving the electric-vehicle boom in the US.

California crafted the doctrine, with tough clean-air rules and a mandate that automakers sell some nonpolluting vehicles if they want to do business in the state, and nine others have adopted it, including New York and New Jersey.

The states' rules are set to tighten so that zero-emission vehicles, or ZEVs, will have to increase by an estimated 15.4 percent of sales by 2025, some five times the current level.

The hurdles may go even higher in California, where greenhouse-gas emissions are required to be 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. To get there, ZEVs, plug-in hybrids or fuel-cell cars may have to comprise 40 percent of sales, up from about 3 percent now, according to the California Air Resources Board staff projections.

"The idea that automakers will sell 40 percent of their vehicles at a loss in California is ludicrous," said Eric Noble, president of CarLab, a California-based consulting company, who reckons most electric cars lose at least $10,000 per sale.

The industry's willing to take the hit on a small scale now. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV's battery-powered Fiat 500e is made for California alone, and Chief Executive Officer Sergio Marchionne said in 2014 that it was losing $14,000 per sale.

The industry might figure out how to make zero-emission cars into money makers once the charging-station infrastructure is built up and battery costs fall. Global demand seems sure to rise, with major economies, including China, having recognized climate change as a threat and emissions from gas-powered autos a chief contributor.

The US has a zero-emission vehicle incentive, offering a $7,500 tax credit to buyers, and also gives credits to manufacturers to reward them for cars that meet the greenhouse-gas reduction targets set by the Obama administration.

On Wednesday, the US Environmental Protection Agency took a formal step to make it harder for President-elect Donald Trump to undo Obama's targets. EPA Administrator Gina McCarthy announced a preliminary determination that Obama's 2025 targets are achievable, affordable and appropriate.

Whatever happens in the national capital, California will be where the power is for years to come. The bill that established its greenhouse-gas targets was championed by then-Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Under the rules, GM needs to sell enough Bolts so that it can sell other vehicles, including pickups and SUVs. The Bolt's anticipated per-sale loss of roughly $8,000 to $9,000 is an estimate based on a sticker price of $37,500, according to a person familiar with the matter.

Here's how the math works for GM in California: Let's say it sells a total of 219,962 vehicles in one model year (as it did, in fact, in 2015). To avoid heavy fines or the threat of getting shut out entirely, it would need state-awarded ZEV credits equal to 14 percent of the total-or 30,794. That would mean finding buyers for 7,698 Bolts, earning four credits for each, or 10,082 Chevy Volt plug-in hybrids or a combination of the two.

"Electric vehicles are compliance vehicles and GM knows this," said the CarLab's Noble. "The Bolt will take sales from all of the other vehicles on the market, and GM will get a lot of credits."

The more ZEVs a company peddles to the public, the more credits it earns, and those with a surplus can sell them to competitors that are falling behind. Tesla has been able to really tap the program. In the third quarter, it made $139 million by selling credits, which helped Tesla hit its second-ever quarterly profit on a GAAP basis.

The US is one-fifth of the global car market, and groups ready to go to battle over emissions like to offer an argument beyond the threats of smog and global warming. California's policies are forcing companies to be innovative, said Luke Tonachel, a senior analyst for the Natural Resources Defense Council. If they stop, "US manufacturers could lose market share."

Bloomberg

Most Viewed in 24 Hours
Copyright 1995 - . All rights reserved. The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). Without written authorization from CDIC, such content shall not be republished or used in any form. Note: Browsers with 1024*768 or higher resolution are suggested for this site.
License for publishing multimedia online 0108263

Registration Number: 130349
FOLLOW US
久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    亚洲欧洲日韩在线| 亚洲午夜激情av| 成人性生交大片免费看中文 | 视频一区在线视频| 欧美一区二区三区免费在线看| 另类调教123区| 亚洲国产精品成人久久综合一区| 色综合久久天天| 琪琪久久久久日韩精品| 久久女同精品一区二区| 99re在线视频这里只有精品| 亚洲国产日韩在线一区模特| 日韩免费性生活视频播放| 国产精品一二三四| 亚洲精品菠萝久久久久久久| 欧美一区二区成人| 成人一区二区三区在线观看| 亚洲国产精品一区二区www| 欧美xxxx在线观看| 97精品久久久午夜一区二区三区| 亚洲一区二区三区免费视频| 日韩视频免费观看高清完整版| 成人免费黄色大片| 香蕉久久夜色精品国产使用方法 | 亚洲日本在线a| 制服丝袜日韩国产| 成人性色生活片免费看爆迷你毛片| 亚洲国产精品影院| 久久精品视频一区二区| 欧美午夜免费电影| 国产高清不卡一区二区| 婷婷中文字幕一区三区| 欧美国产精品劲爆| 777xxx欧美| 91一区二区在线观看| 麻豆91在线播放免费| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区极速播放| 欧美一级艳片视频免费观看| 91香蕉视频污在线| 久久9热精品视频| 一区二区免费在线| 国产日韩欧美综合在线| 6080国产精品一区二区| av影院午夜一区| 韩国一区二区视频| 亚洲风情在线资源站| 国产欧美日韩在线| 日韩三级视频在线看| 色呦呦国产精品| 国产一区二区三区香蕉| 三级亚洲高清视频| 亚洲免费av网站| 中文字幕av一区二区三区免费看| 91精品国产综合久久久久久| 91极品美女在线| 成人av在线资源网站| 精品中文av资源站在线观看| 性欧美疯狂xxxxbbbb| 自拍偷自拍亚洲精品播放| 久久色.com| 日韩一卡二卡三卡国产欧美| 欧美日韩在线播| 色综合天天综合网天天狠天天| 国产精品99久| 激情丁香综合五月| 日本亚洲欧美天堂免费| 亚洲一区二区偷拍精品| 亚洲日本护士毛茸茸| 国产农村妇女精品| 337p粉嫩大胆色噜噜噜噜亚洲| 91麻豆精品国产91久久久使用方法 | 国产日韩欧美综合一区| 精品国产亚洲在线| 67194成人在线观看| 在线观看日韩精品| 91香蕉视频污在线| jlzzjlzz亚洲女人18| 国产成a人亚洲精品| 国产精品综合二区| 精品一区二区三区香蕉蜜桃| 蜜臀av性久久久久蜜臀aⅴ| 午夜精品福利视频网站| 亚洲一区免费观看| 洋洋成人永久网站入口| 亚洲精选一二三| 樱桃国产成人精品视频| 亚洲嫩草精品久久| 亚洲美女电影在线| 亚洲欧美日韩综合aⅴ视频| 国产精品国产三级国产专播品爱网 | 国产成+人+日韩+欧美+亚洲| 国产一区二区三区久久悠悠色av| 久久99热这里只有精品| 久久成人免费电影| 九九九精品视频| 狠狠狠色丁香婷婷综合激情| 国内精品在线播放| 国产一区二区在线观看免费| 国产永久精品大片wwwapp| 国产自产高清不卡| 国产很黄免费观看久久| 国产成人av资源| 成人一区在线观看| av电影天堂一区二区在线| av在线不卡电影| 色天天综合色天天久久| 91黄色免费看| 欧美色图在线观看| 538prom精品视频线放| 日韩一区二区三区精品视频| 精品黑人一区二区三区久久 | 国产精品护士白丝一区av| 1区2区3区精品视频| 亚洲精品国产一区二区三区四区在线 | 91免费版在线| 91官网在线观看| 欧美日韩黄色影视| 日韩精品专区在线影院观看| 久久网站最新地址| 一区在线中文字幕| 一区二区在线看| 日韩激情视频网站| 精品写真视频在线观看| 国产成人三级在线观看| 99久久婷婷国产综合精品电影| 91成人免费在线视频| 欧美日韩国产在线观看| 欧美草草影院在线视频| 国产欧美一区二区精品性色超碰 | 日欧美一区二区| 久久国产成人午夜av影院| 豆国产96在线|亚洲| 色婷婷激情一区二区三区| 欧美精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 精品国产区一区| 国产精品美女久久福利网站| 一区二区三区色| 美女视频第一区二区三区免费观看网站| 国产专区综合网| 99riav久久精品riav| 9191精品国产综合久久久久久| 久久久久国产精品人| 日韩一区中文字幕| 日韩电影在线免费观看| 国产成人av电影在线| 欧洲国内综合视频| 欧美成人bangbros| 亚洲三级在线观看| 日本aⅴ亚洲精品中文乱码| 成人网页在线观看| 欧美日韩日本视频| 国产亚洲精品中文字幕| 一区二区三区产品免费精品久久75| 日本怡春院一区二区| 成人毛片在线观看| 91精品国产色综合久久| 国产精品激情偷乱一区二区∴| 日韩福利电影在线观看| av毛片久久久久**hd| 日韩精品一区国产麻豆| 中文字幕一区二区三区乱码在线| 日本美女一区二区三区视频| youjizz久久| 日韩一级在线观看| 亚洲免费观看在线视频| 精品亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区三区| 91高清视频在线| 国产亚洲1区2区3区| 午夜不卡在线视频| 不卡电影一区二区三区| 日韩欧美一级精品久久| 亚洲色图欧美在线| 国产揄拍国内精品对白| 欧美群妇大交群的观看方式| 国产精品免费视频网站| 日韩av一二三| 色吧成人激情小说| 久久精品男人的天堂| 亚洲18色成人| 91在线观看地址| 久久综合色综合88| 五月天亚洲婷婷| 97久久精品人人做人人爽| 26uuu国产一区二区三区| 天天色天天操综合| 91丨porny丨户外露出| 久久久久高清精品| 日本伊人精品一区二区三区观看方式| 99re热这里只有精品视频| 久久这里只有精品视频网| 偷拍日韩校园综合在线| 色婷婷亚洲精品| 国产精品色在线| 国产乱码精品一区二区三| 欧美一区二区三区影视| 亚洲高清视频在线| 91麻豆精东视频| 中文字幕不卡在线| 国产精品资源在线看| 日韩免费高清视频|