The plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the National Committee of the Chinese People' s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), popularly known as the "two sessions", are kicking off this week. What will be the big talking points? We have compiled a list of 26 hot topics, in accordance with the 26 letters in the English alphabet.
被稱(chēng)作“兩會(huì)”的全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)（NPC）與中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議（CPPCC）本周拉開(kāi)大幕。今年的兩會(huì)有哪些看點(diǎn)？我們以26個(gè)英文字母為索引，為你梳理26個(gè)兩會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題。

A|Anti-corruption 重拳反腐

The Chinese government has adopted a zero-tolerance approach in fighting corruption since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in November 2012. In 2015, China's top anti-graft watchdog said it will net more "tigers" and "flies" - corrupt government officials at both higher and lower levels - and combat graft in State-owned enterprises (SOEs). But how to build a long-term mechanism to supervise the exercise of official power requires suggestions from NPC deputies and CPPCC members.
2012年11月的中共十八大以來(lái)，中國(guó)政府對(duì)待反腐采取“零容忍”的態(tài)度。2015年，中國(guó)反腐監(jiān)察機(jī)構(gòu)表示將繼續(xù)“打虎拍蠅”，并開(kāi)辟國(guó)企反腐的戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。但是，如何建立權(quán)力監(jiān)督的長(zhǎng)期機(jī)制，仍需兩會(huì)代表獻(xiàn)策建言。

B|Breakup of Monopolies 破除壟斷

Although China has eased market access in many industries and started SOE reforms in a bid to mobilize private investment and break monopolies, there is still a lot to do to achieve fair competition. Experts believe the private sector will reap more fruit this year.
盡管中國(guó)已經(jīng)放寬許多行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入門(mén)檻并開(kāi)始國(guó)企改革，以調(diào)動(dòng)私人投資，破除壟斷，但如何實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)資源平等競(jìng)爭(zhēng)還大有空間。專(zhuān)家預(yù)計(jì)，今年民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)在這方面將有更多收獲。

C|Check of Power 簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)

In the past two years, China's central government has prioritized the task of cutting red tape and delegating power to lower-level governments. Altogether, 798 administrative approval items have been canceled or delegated to local governments. The move has curbed corruption and stimulated entrepreneurship. More progress can be expected in the area.
過(guò)去兩年，中央政府簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)成為改革重頭戲，國(guó)務(wù)院累計(jì)取消和下放798項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，有力地防止了腐敗，激發(fā)了創(chuàng)業(yè)激情。這方面還會(huì)更有新進(jìn)展。

D|Democracy 中國(guó)式民主

In February, the CPC Central Committee published a document proposing to promote "consultative democracy". Consultative democracy - defined as a democratic pattern in which, led by the CPC, all sections of society are consulted on major issues before and during policy-making processes - helps Chinese people take part in the country's governance and makes sure that diverse voices can be heard and consensus can be reached. The two sessions are perfect examples of China exerting consultative democracy and offer a window for people to observe and understand China's democracy.
2月，中共中央印發(fā)《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主建設(shè)的意見(jiàn)》，將協(xié)商民主定義為“在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，人民內(nèi)部各方面圍繞重大問(wèn)題，在決策之前和決策實(shí)施之中開(kāi)展廣泛協(xié)商，努力形成共識(shí)的重要民主形式?！倍皟蓵?huì)”正是“協(xié)商民主”的絕佳體現(xiàn)，這為關(guān)注并試圖理解中國(guó)式民主的人們提供了視角。

E|Engines 經(jīng)濟(jì)引擎

In early 2015, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang put forward a fresh concept at Davos - "Two engines": "To transform the traditional engine of growth by focusing on increasing the supply of public goods and services" and "To foster a new engine of growth by encouraging mass entrepreneurship and innovation." In 2015, China is sure to take steps to fuel the "two engines" so that the economy can maintain a medium-to-high speed of growth and achieve a medium-to-high level of development.
李克強(qiáng)總理在瑞士達(dá)沃斯年會(huì)上發(fā)表演講時(shí)首次提出“雙引擎”概念：一方面要改造升級(jí)傳統(tǒng)引擎，擴(kuò)大公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)的供給；另一方面要培育打造新引擎，推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新。2015年中國(guó)將采取措施為“雙引擎”加油，使其釋放能量助推中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持“雙中高”——實(shí)現(xiàn)中高速增長(zhǎng)、邁向中高端水平。

F|"Four Comprehensives" “四個(gè)全面”

CPC mouthpiece the People's Daily has carried a series of editorials prior to the annual legislative session, expounding the concept of the "Four Comprehensives", first raised by Xi Jinping in December. The concept includes comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society, deepening reform, advancing the rule of law and strictly governing the Party. The concept, drawing widespread attention from home and abroad, is expected to be the main theme of the legislative session.
兩會(huì)前，《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》發(fā)表系列評(píng)論，闡述習(xí)近平去年12月首次提出的“四個(gè)全面”——“全面建成小康社會(huì)、全面深化改革、全面推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)、全面從嚴(yán)治黨”。這個(gè)新提法受到了海內(nèi)外的廣泛關(guān)注，被認(rèn)為將成兩會(huì)“主旋律”。

G|GDP 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)

At the opening meeting of the NPC session on Thursday, Li Keqiang will reveal this year's GDP target when delivering the government work report. It is the subject of much anticipation at home and abroad. Most Chinese provinces lowered their GDP targets for 2015 at previous local legislative sessions.
3月5日的人大會(huì)議開(kāi)幕會(huì)上，李克強(qiáng)總理在《政府工作報(bào)告》中將披露今年GDP增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期目標(biāo)，這是一個(gè)海內(nèi)外普遍關(guān)注的懸念。在此前召開(kāi)的地方兩會(huì)上，絕大多數(shù)省份都下調(diào)了2015年GDP增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)。

H|Hong Kong 香港

2014 was an eventful year for Hong Kong. The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program kicked off trading. Guangdong and Hong Kong liberalized their service trade, and the Guangdong free trade zone (FTZ) was approved. Meanwhile, the illegal "occupy" protest movement negatively impacted Hong Kong's development and reform to its political system. Differences of opinion between people from the mainland and Hong Kong have surged.
2014年對(duì)香港特別行政區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)喜憂交加：“滬港通”開(kāi)鑼、粵港基本實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)貿(mào)易自由化、廣東自貿(mào)區(qū)獲批；與此同時(shí)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩個(gè)多月的“占中”非法集會(huì)也對(duì)香港的發(fā)展與政制改革帶來(lái)不良影響，兩地人員交流往來(lái)也出現(xiàn)了一些摩擦。

I|Innovation 創(chuàng)新

Innovation is an engine to China's development, and reform an ignitor to the engine. As the economy enters a "new normal", and growth slows, China's economy will rely more on innovation to drive its growth.
創(chuàng)新是中國(guó)發(fā)展的新引擎，而改革是必不可少的點(diǎn)火器。在經(jīng)濟(jì)步入新常態(tài)、增速明顯放緩的大趨勢(shì)下，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)更加需要依靠創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)。

J|Jobs 就業(yè)＆創(chuàng)業(yè)

The number of jobs forecast to be created this year will be revealed at the annual legislative session. In the past two years, despite an economic slowdown, the number of newly-created jobs has increased steadily. China is promoting employment through encouraging business start-ups, cutting red tape and delegating power to lower-level governments.
今年中國(guó)決心創(chuàng)造多少新就業(yè)崗位，將在兩會(huì)中披露。近兩年，在經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩的同時(shí)，新增就業(yè)人數(shù)卻穩(wěn)步上升。中國(guó)正在用激勵(lì)創(chuàng)業(yè)、簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)的辦法推動(dòng)就業(yè)。

K|Key Policies 關(guān)鍵政策

China's fiscal and monetary policies in 2015 under the circumstances of slowed economic growth are the key focus of the two sessions.
在經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩的情況下，中國(guó)如何制定2015年的財(cái)政政策與貨幣政策，將成為兩會(huì)的重中之重。

L|Law 法治

2015 has been defined by the Chinese leadership as "the first year of comprehensively promoting the rule of law". The two sessions are expected to address legal and judicial aspects in detail: for example, a bill to amend the Legislation Law.
2015年是中國(guó)全面推進(jìn)依法治國(guó)的開(kāi)局之年。兩會(huì)將具體細(xì)化依法治國(guó)各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，如審議立法法修正案草案。

M|Military 國(guó)防軍事

China's military expenditure will definitely become one of the most discussed topics during the two sessions in Western and domestic media. The question China faces is how to build and manage a stronger army in new conditions.
兩會(huì)將披露一個(gè)海內(nèi)外極其關(guān)注的數(shù)據(jù)：中國(guó)的軍費(fèi)。新形勢(shì)下中國(guó)如何治軍強(qiáng)軍成為關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)。

N|New Normal 新常態(tài)

"New normal" is a buzz word in 2014 and it will be the first appearance of the word at the two sessions since it became a guideline for Chinese leaders in economic policy-making.
“新常態(tài)”名列2014年度中國(guó)十大新詞語(yǔ)榜首，并已經(jīng)成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人制訂經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的依據(jù)。今年兩會(huì)，是“新常態(tài)”一詞成為政策話語(yǔ)后的第一次兩會(huì)。

O|Opening up 開(kāi)放

China became a net foreign investor for the first time in 2014. However, foreign capital still plays a vital role in the Chinese economy, especially in improving the quality and efficiency of growth and in driving innovation. In 2015, China will further open up its service sector, guided by experience distilled from the Shanghai Free Trade Zone.
2014年，中國(guó)第一次成為對(duì)外凈投資國(guó)。但是，外資對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)仍然必不可少，特別體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)提質(zhì)增效和創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展等方面。2015年，中國(guó)將繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大多個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)ν忾_(kāi)放，同時(shí)推廣上海自貿(mào)區(qū)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

P|Pollution 污染問(wèn)題

"We will resolutely declare war against pollution as we declared war against poverty," said Premier Li Keqiang at the parliamentary sessions last year. A poll has showed that pollution control and environmental protection remains one of the biggest areas of public concern ahead of the two sessions.
“我們要像對(duì)貧困宣戰(zhàn)一樣，堅(jiān)決向污染宣戰(zhàn)?！比ツ陜蓵?huì)上李克強(qiáng)總理的這句話擲地有聲。網(wǎng)調(diào)顯示，污染問(wèn)題和環(huán)境治理是今年兩會(huì)前最受公眾關(guān)注的話題之一。

Q|Quality 質(zhì)量

China will not pursue statistical growth single-mindedly, but try to strike a balance where industrial transformation and upgrading and a rational growth rate can all be achieved. The country is embarking on a development path characterized by efficiency, quality, sustainability and steadiness.
中國(guó)表示將不再簡(jiǎn)單追求增長(zhǎng)速度，而將在轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)與保持合理增長(zhǎng)區(qū)間內(nèi)找到一個(gè)黃金平衡點(diǎn)，追求有效率、高質(zhì)量、可持續(xù)、更穩(wěn)健有力的發(fā)展。

R|Reform 改革

This year has been defined by the top leadership as a crucial period for deepening reform. In which fields will these reforms take place? The government work report will give the answer.
用領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的話說(shuō)，以全面深化改革為特征的中國(guó)新改革今年進(jìn)入了關(guān)鍵之年。改革將在哪些領(lǐng)域落筆？《政府工作報(bào)告》將給出答案。

S|Silk Road 絲綢之路

It is widely expected that more tangible achievements will be made in the "Belt and Road" networks. At their local legislative sessions, 31 Chinese provinces, cities and autonomous regions said they would actively participate in or support the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
各方普遍預(yù)測(cè)2015年將成為“一帶一路”（絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶和21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路）做深做實(shí)的一年。多個(gè)省市區(qū)在地方兩會(huì)上表示將積極參與或服務(wù)于“一帶一路”。

T|Tibet 西藏

2015 marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The Chinese central government's policies on governing Tibet will attract attention from reporters home and abroad.
2015年是西藏自治區(qū)成立50周年。中央治藏政策將是海內(nèi)外記者們關(guān)注的話題。

U|United States 中美關(guān)系

Xi Jinping is scheduled to pay a State visit to the United States in September. Last year, China and the United States reached consensus in aspects including visa arrangements, trade and military trust. The two sides also released the landmark China-U.S. Joint Announcement on Climate Change. Reporters will try to get some hints on how China and the United States will rise above their differences.
習(xí)近平主席將于今年9月應(yīng)邀對(duì)美進(jìn)行國(guó)事訪問(wèn)。去年中美就簽證互惠、軍事互信、貿(mào)易談判等問(wèn)題達(dá)成多項(xiàng)協(xié)議與共識(shí)，還發(fā)表了具有里程碑意義的《中美氣候變化聯(lián)合聲明》。未來(lái)兩國(guó)如何拓展合作、管控分歧，各國(guó)記者們很可能借兩會(huì)場(chǎng)合一探究竟。

V|Values 價(jià)值觀

Authorities believe that moral and ethical education should run through the reform and opening up and influence ordinary people's lives, with the core socialist values of harmony, integrity and fairness being cultivated.
中國(guó)正提倡把精神文明建設(shè)貫穿改革開(kāi)放和現(xiàn)代化全過(guò)程、滲透社會(huì)生活各方面，并大力培育和諧、公正、平等等社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀。

W|World 世界

Given China's fast development and closer ties with other nations, the world cares ever more about Chinese views and attitudes. Attention will be given to a series of regional hot-spot issues and worldwide issues at the two sessions.
隨著中國(guó)的迅速發(fā)展和與世界的聯(lián)系更加緊密，“中國(guó)怎么看”正變得越來(lái)越重要。一系列全球和地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)話題將在兩會(huì)受到關(guān)注。

X|Xi Jinping 習(xí)近平

The schedule of the Chinese President Xi Jinping will be closely watched. International and domestic media are wondering what he will say when discussing state affairs with national lawmakers and political advisors.
國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平的兩會(huì)日程引人注目，國(guó)內(nèi)外媒體都關(guān)注他與代表委員共商國(guó)是時(shí)會(huì)講到什么。

Y|Year 承前啟后之年

2015 marks the final year of China's 12th Five-Year Plan, and will also usher in the 13th Five-Year Plan towards the end of the year. The two sessions comes at a crucial period of time in between.
今年是全面完成“十二五”規(guī)劃的收官之年，中國(guó)即將開(kāi)啟“十三五”規(guī)劃。兩會(huì)恰逢全面建成小康社會(huì)承前啟后的關(guān)鍵時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

Z|Zone 自貿(mào)區(qū)

A year and a half after the launch of the pioneering Shanghai FTZ, similar FTZs in Guangdong, Fujian and Tianjin have been approved and may have an official kick-off very soon. Experts say they are not simple copies of the Shanghai FTZ, but more regionally integrated, targeted, and differentiated in their functions.
中國(guó)首個(gè)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)正式于上海掛牌近一年半后，粵閩津三個(gè)新設(shè)自貿(mào)區(qū)正式掛牌之日漸近。專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為新一批自貿(mào)區(qū)并非對(duì)上海自貿(mào)區(qū)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)制，而是區(qū)域化特征明顯、目標(biāo)指向性更強(qiáng)，走差異化道路。

Vocabulary

vital：極重要的
tangible：明確的

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 侯瑋萍 編輯）