你很可能不會說的十個身體部位的詞

小孩子學英語的時候都會學一些face、nose、hand之類的詞來表演給大人看，可是，大人們似乎也只會說這些詞，如果小朋友問你，“人中”、“眼角”等詞用英文怎么說，你會怎么回答呢？

hallux
大腳趾

It stems from Latin and began to be commonly used in the mid-19th century. On the opposite side (of the foot), the little toe is called the minimus.
起源于拉丁語，19世紀中葉開始普遍運用。與之相對應的是，小腳趾被稱為minimus。

purlicue
“虎口”距（食指與拇指間的空隙）

Although a rare word, purlicue is a term for the space between the forefinger and thumb, originally used in the North of England. It's thought to derive from the Scots term pirlie, meaning ‘curly' or ‘twisted', and is also used as a synonym for curlicue: a term in calligraphy to describe curls in a person's writing.
盡管是個冷僻詞，purlicue這一術語用來表示食指與拇指間的空間，最早用于英格蘭北部，這個詞來源于蘇格蘭術語pirlie，意為"卷曲的"或"彎曲的"；現在用作"花體"的近義詞，書法術語，用以形容書寫中筆跡的卷曲。

fraenum
系帶

A fraenum is a small ligament that restricts movement between body parts. The most obvious example is the fraenum which attaches the tongue to the bottom of the mouth, or the lip to the gum. It comes from the Latin fraenum which meant ‘bridle' – that same idea of restrained movement. It is also spelled frenum, and the more common term is frenulum.
系帶是一小小的韌帶，限制身體部位的運動。最常見的例子就是連接舌頭和口底、唇和牙齦的舌系帶。系帶一詞來源于拉丁語fraenum，意為"韁繩"，和限制行動同義，亦拼作"frenum"，更為常用的術語是frenulum。

uvula
小舌

The uvula is the fleshy extension that hangs at the back of the mouth above the opening of the throat. This is a body part that we share with some other primates; for instance, baboons have small, underdeveloped uvulae. The uvula helps to close the nasopharynx during swallowing, so that no food can enter the nasal passage. It also causes the initiation of the gag reflex if stimulated, and is also used to articulate a range of sounds in speech, such as the guttural R used in French.
小舌是嘴巴后部、緊貼喉嚨口上方懸垂的部分。這一身體部位其他靈長目動物也有，比如狒狒有小型但發育并不完全的小舌。小舌有助吞咽時閉合鼻咽，避免食物進入鼻道。若受到刺激，小舌會引發咽反射；小舌還能用以清晰地發出一系列音，如法語里喉音r。

philtrum
人中

This term refers to the vertical groove between the bottom of the nose and the upper lip. Interestingly, it comes from the Latin word philtrum which initially meant ‘love-potion' or ‘love-charm' and only started being used in English for the body part in the 17th century.
這一術語指的是鼻子底部和上唇間豎直的凹陷部分。有趣的是，這個詞來源于拉丁語philtrum ，最初意為“愛情迷藥”或“愛情魔咒”，直到17世紀才開始用于英語，表示身體部位。

gowpen
碗狀（兩手靠攏形成）

This is the hollow that is formed when the two hands are placed together to create a bowl shape. It originates from the Old Norse gaupn.
這個詞指的是雙手靠攏形成的碗狀時雙手凹陷的部分，來源于古挪威語gaupn.

gynaecomastia
男性乳房

The technical medical term for what some might refer to in everyday conversation as ‘man boobs' or ‘moobs' – or, rather, the condition that causes the swelling of a man's breast tissue, usually caused by hormone therapy or imbalance.
這一專業術語即有些人日常對話中所說的“男性乳房”，更確切地說，是引發男性胸部組織腫脹、隆起的條件，通常由激素療法或內分泌失調所致。

canthus
眼角

Stemming from Latin, and from the Greek word kanthos, this word refers to the point in the inner or outer corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. It was first used in the mid-17th century.
源自拉丁語和希臘語 kanthos一詞，用以指內外眼角上下眼瞼交匯處。最初用于17世紀中葉。

gnathion
頷下點

This is the lowest point of the jawbone, so the most outward pointing part of the chin. It comes from the Greek word for ‘jaw' with the –ion suffix added to it, and only came into usage in the late 19th century.
下頜骨的最低點，是下巴最為向外突出的點，來源于希臘語jaw一詞，加上-ion后綴，直到19世紀末期人們才開始使用這個詞。

glabella
印堂

The glabella is the smooth part of the forehead, between and directly above the eyebrows. The term comes from the Latin glaber, meaning ‘without hair, smooth, bald'. It is used medically to test for dehydration, as the skin becomes wrinkled and shrivelled when dehydrated.
額頭眉間稍高處平整光滑的部分。這個術語來源于拉丁語glaber, 意為“沒有毛發、平整、光禿”。醫學上用以測試是否脫水，因為脫水時皮膚會收縮、形成褶皺。

（來源：滬江英語，編輯：Helen）