關于網絡安全的四個真相

皮尤研究中心的一份報告顯示，人們往往對網絡安全“掉以輕心”。來看看大家關于網絡安全最常見的四個誤解。

Use strong passwords and don't go to sketchy websites, and you'll protect yourself online, right?
使用強大的密碼，不上亂七八糟的網站，你在網上就安全了，對嗎？

Well... That's a good start. But it's not quite that simple.
好吧，這是個好的開始，但事實并沒有那么簡單。

A new report from Pew Research details some of American's biggest misconceptions about cybersecurity.
皮尤研究中心的一份新報告列出了美國人關于網絡安全最常見的一些誤解。

Myth 1. Emails are always secure
誤解1：電子郵件總是安全的。

Fewer than half -- 46% -- of people said they know email is not always encrypted. Encryption ensures only the sender and recipient are able to access the emails.
不到半數（46%）的人表示，他們知道電子郵件不總是加密的。加密確保只有發送者和接受者能看到郵件。

Although many email providers, such as Google and Yahoo, encrypt emails, it's not universal. Some companies alert users if communications are unencrypted -- for instance Gmail displays warning icons when you send or receive an email from an insecure source.
盡管許多電郵提供商，包括谷歌和雅虎，都會對電子郵件進行加密，但不是所有電郵提供商都這么做。如果通信沒有被加密，一些公司會提醒用戶，比如Gmail郵箱在你向不安全地址發送電子郵件或從不安全地址接收電子郵件時會出現警告標志。

If you're concerned, switch to Gmail, Yahoo Mail, or another provider that encrypts by default.
如果你擔心的話，就改用Gmail、雅虎郵箱，或其他默認加密的電郵提供商。

Myth 2. "Private browsing" is always private
誤解2：“隱私瀏覽”模式總是保護隱私的。

Surfing the web in private (or incognito) mode prevents the browser -- like Chrome, Firefox, or Safari -- from collecting data about your activities. But it doesn't prevent an internet service provider, like Comcast, from monitoring your activity.
用隱私瀏覽模式上網時，會阻止谷歌、火狐或Safari等瀏覽器收集你的活動數據。但這種模式并不能阻止康卡斯特等互聯網服務提供商監視你的活動。

Just 39% of those surveyed knew broadband companies could see your online activity even when you're in private browsing mode.
只有39%的受訪者知道，即使你使用隱私瀏覽模式，寬帶公司仍然可以看到你的網上活動。

Myth 3. Turning off GPS means no one can track me
誤解3：關掉全球定位系統意味著沒有人可以跟蹤我。

Almost half of people surveyed either didn't know or were unsure whether disabling GPS prevents all tracking. Your phone's built-in location service is just one way data can be collected.
近半數的受訪者不知道或不確定關掉全球定位系統是否能杜絕一切跟蹤。你的手機內置的定位服務其實只是數據被收集的一種方式。

As Pew Research notes, your phone also connects to cell towers and Wi-Fi networks, and connection to these technologies allows tracking too.
皮尤研究中心指出，你的手機還會與手機信號塔和無線網絡相連，從而導致數據被跟蹤。

Myth 4. My password is enough to protect me
誤解4：我的密碼足以保護我。

Strong passwords are good, but security experts also recommend using two-factor authentication for account security. This means you must have a second login, like a security code sent to your phone, to sign into accounts. It prevents hackers from getting into your account, even if they know the password.
強大的密碼很好，但安全專家也建議采用雙重認證來保護賬戶安全。這意味著你必須二次登錄，比如把驗證碼發送到你的手機，然后用驗證碼登錄。這會阻止黑客盜走你的賬戶，就算他們知道密碼也無計可施。

Just 10% of adults can identify one example of two-factor authentication.
只有10%的成年人能識別出一個雙重認證的例子。

There is some good news from Pew, however: A vast majority of people can correctly identify a strong password, which includes one with random letters, numbers, and symbols. And 73% know using public Wi-Fi is bad for secure activities, such as paying bills online.
不過，皮尤研究中心也有一些好消息：絕大多數人都能正確識別出強大的密碼，即隨機的字母+數字+符號組合。73%的人知道使用公共無線網絡時不宜做網上支付等活動。

英文來源：CNN
翻譯&編輯：丹妮