馬斯克：人工智能或導致第三次世界大戰

“對文明的存續而言，真正有可能引發第三次世界大戰的，是AI(人工智能)”。9月4日，被許多人看作“現實版鋼鐵俠”的SpaceX公司創始人埃隆?馬斯克連發多條推特，表明了上述觀點。雖然身為美國頂尖科技公司的老板，埃隆?馬斯克對人工智能的“擔憂”一直十分鮮明。

Elon Musk, founder, CEO and lead designer at SpaceX and co-founder of Tesla, speaks at the SpaceX Hyperloop Pod Competition II in Hawthorne, California, US, August 27, 2017. REUTERS/Mike Blake

Elon Musk has said again that artificial intelligence could be humanity’s greatest existential threat, this time by starting a third world war.
埃隆?馬斯克再一次警告稱，人工智能或將成為人類存亡的威脅，這次他指的是人工智能將會引發第三次世界大戰。

The prospect clearly weighs heavily on Musk’s mind, since the SpaceX, Tesla and Boring Company chief tweeted at 2.33am Los Angeles time about how AI could lead to the end of the world.
洛杉磯時間（9月4日）凌晨2時33分，SpaceX、特斯拉和Boring Company的CEO馬斯克在推特上發表了關于人工智能或引發世界末日的言論，顯然他對這一前景感到十分擔憂。

His fears were prompted by a statement from Vladimir Putin that “artificial intelligence is the future, not only for Russia, but for all humankind … It comes with colossal opportunities, but also threats that are difficult to predict. Whoever becomes the leader in this sphere will become the ruler of the world.”
俄羅斯總統普京曾在一場演講中說道：“未來是屬于人工智能的，不僅是俄羅斯的，也是全人類的未來……這將帶來巨大的機遇，同時也有難以預測的威脅。人工智能領域的領導者將成為世界的領導者。”普京這一言論引起了馬斯克對于人工智能的恐懼。

美國科技網站The Verge在推特上發文稱，俄羅斯總統普京表示，“不論哪個國家，誰在AI領域領跑誰就會成為世界的統治者”。馬斯克在這條推特下評論道，“已經開始了。”

China, Russia, soon all countries w strong computer science. Competition for AI superiority at national level most likely cause of WW3 imo.
“中國、俄羅斯，所有國家都會壯大發展計算機科學。在我看來，國家間對人工智能優勢的爭奪，很可能引發第三次世界大戰。”

——埃隆?馬斯克（@elonmusk）發于2017年9月4日

In a series of tweets on Monday, the Tesla, SpaceX, Neuralink and OpenAI co-founder wrote that artificial intelligence could be the eventual cause of the next world war.
在9月4日發布的眾多推特中，特斯拉、SpaceX 、Neuralink及OpenAI公司的聯合創始人馬斯克表示，人工智能將成為下一次世界大戰的根源。

May be initiated not by the country leaders, but one of the AI's, if it decides that a preemptive strike is most probable path to victory.
“（戰爭）可能不是由某個國家的領導人發起，而是由人工智能發起的，只要它認為一場先發制人的打擊最有可能帶來勝利。”

——埃隆?馬斯克（@elonmusk）發于2017年9月4日

Govts don't need to follow normal laws. They will obtain AI developed by companies at gunpoint, if necessary.
“政府不需要遵循正常法則，必要的話，他們會拿著槍逼企業交出他們開發的AI技術。”

——埃隆?馬斯克（@elonmusk）發于2017年9月4日

Musk’s fear of AI warfare has been a driving force in his public statements for a long time. Last month, he was one of more than 100 signatories calling for a UN-led ban of lethal autonomous weapons.
長久以來，馬斯克對于人工智能發動戰爭的恐懼一直是他在公共場合發表的言論的主論調。在8月，他與其他100多人聯名簽署了一封建議信，呼吁聯合國禁止研發“機器人殺手”（能致人死亡的自動武器）。

“Once developed, lethal autonomous weapons will permit armed conflict to be fought at a scale greater than ever, and at timescales faster than humans can comprehend,” the letter read. “These can be weapons of terror, weapons that despots and terrorists use against innocent populations, and weapons hacked to behave in undesirable ways.
信里寫道：“機器人殺手一旦研發出來，將會造成空前規模的武裝沖突，其速度之快也遠超人們所能理解的程度。這或許還會變成恐怖行動的武器，專制者和恐怖分子用來對付無辜大眾的武器，還可能被黑客盜用來做不法之事。”

“We do not have long to act. Once this Pandora’s box is opened, it will be hard to close.”
“我們要快點行動起來，潘多拉魔盒一旦打開，就很難合上。”

英文來源：衛報
翻譯：胡紫畫（中國日報網愛新聞iNews譯者）
編審：yaning