從競選美國總統(tǒng)開始，特朗普與美國媒體的關(guān)系一直處于“劍拔弩張”的狀態(tài)，在特朗普入主白宮以后，這種關(guān)系也沒有改善。特朗普多次斥責(zé)美國主流媒體散播針對他的假新聞，并頻頻向媒體發(fā)難。他稱很多媒體為“假消息制造者”。近日，“假新聞”更是被評為柯林斯詞典2017年度詞匯。

10月26日，在美國首都華盛頓，美國總統(tǒng)特朗普在白宮發(fā)表講話。 新華社發(fā)（沈霆攝）

It's been derided by the American president and accused of influencing elections.
“假新聞”曾受到美國總統(tǒng)特朗普的嘲諷，還被指責(zé)影響了總統(tǒng)大選。

But 'fake news' is today valid news after being named Collins dictionary's Word of the Year 2017.
但如今“假新聞”也“正當”了，被評為《柯林斯詞典》2017年度詞匯。

Usage of the term, which is defined as 'false, often sensational, information disseminated under the guise of news reporting', has risen by 365 percent since 2016 and will be added to the next print edition of Collins Dictionary.
“假新聞”的定義是“假借新聞報道散播的虛假的、常常具有煽動性的信息。”自2016年以來，“假新聞”的使用量上漲了365%，并將被添加到下一版的印刷版《柯林斯詞典》中。

While 'fake news' will be added to the print edition, other words that will be added to the Collins Dictionary website include 'gender-fluid', 'cuffing season' and 'Insta'.
除了將被添加到印刷版的“假新聞”，還有一些詞匯將被添加到該詞典的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，包括“流性人”、“套套狂歡季”和“Insta”。

In his first 11 months as leader of the free world, Donald Trump has regularly claimed that news stories in the media are 'fake news'.
在特朗普當選美國總統(tǒng)后的11個月里，他常說媒體的報道是“假新聞”。

He even suggested he invented the word 'fake' last month during an interview.
上月一次采訪中，他還表示是自己創(chuàng)造了“虛假”這個詞。

He told Christian channel Trinity Broadcasting: 'I think one of the greatest of all terms I've come up with is 'fake.'
他還告訴基督教頻道三一廣播說：“我認為我想出的所有詞匯中，最好的一個就是‘虛假’”。

'I guess other people have used it, perhaps, over the years, but I've never noticed it.'
“我猜其他人在這么多年中也用過這個詞，也許吧，但我之前從沒注意過。”

Helen Newstead, Collins' head of language content, said: 'Much of this year's list is definitely politically charged, but with a new president in the US and a snap election in the UK it is perhaps no surprise that politics continues to electrify the language.
《柯林斯詞典》語言內(nèi)容負責(zé)人海倫-紐斯特德說：“今年的上榜詞匯大部分都與政治有關(guān)。但美國有了新總統(tǒng)，英國也提前大選了，所以政壇繼續(xù)貢獻新詞也許不足為奇。”

'Fake news', either as a statement of fact or as an accusation, has been inescapable this year, contributing to the undermining of society's trust in news reporting', she added.
她補充說：“不管是一種事實陳述還是一種譴責(zé)，‘假新聞’無疑是今年的年度詞匯，它破壞了社會對新聞報道的信任。”

Lexicographers, the people who compile dictionaries, also included 'gender-fluid' on their list of words of the year.
詞典編纂者還將“流性人”添加到了年度詞匯榜單中。

The phrase was defined as 'not identifying exclusively with one gender rather than another' and has been frequently referred to over recent months.
“流性人”指的是“無法確定為男性或者女性的人”，近幾個月，這一詞匯使用頻率非常高。

Its increasing popularity has been reflected by stores such as John Lewis and Mothercare who have created clothing ranges which are not labelled as specifically for 'girls' or 'boys'.
約翰-路易斯和Mothercare等商店推出了一些并未注明女裝或者男裝的服飾系列，這也反映出“流性人”越來越流行。

'Echo chamber', which refers to sharing opinions in places like social media where only people with similar views will see them, also made it onto the list.
上榜的流行語還有“回音室”，指的是在社交媒體等平臺分享觀點，只有持類似觀點的人會看到。

Among the most regularly used new words was 'cuffing season', which is the habit of single people seeking a partner for the winter months but not necessarily for a longer period.
“套套狂歡季”是使用頻率最高的新詞之一，指的是單身男女在冬季尋找伴侶、但不一定發(fā)展為長期戀愛的現(xiàn)象。

'Gig economy', which describes an economy built around temporary or freelance workers and 'Insta', to describe things relating to the photo-sharing app Instagram, were also popular words this year.
“零工經(jīng)濟”指的是由臨時員工和自由職業(yè)者構(gòu)成的經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域。“Insta”指的是與圖片分享應(yīng)用Instagram相關(guān)的事物。這兩個詞匯也入選今年的流行語。

Last year also saw a political phrase named word of the year - 'Brexit' was chosen by Collins following the 2016 EU referendum.
2016年的《柯林斯詞典》年度詞匯“脫歐”也是政治詞匯，是2016年英國脫歐公投后選出的。

All of the new words and meanings will be added to the Collins Dictionary website and will be considered for inclusion in future print editions.
所有新詞和含義將被添加到《柯林斯詞典》網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，并有望在今后添加進印刷版。

上榜的其他流行語還有：

Corbynmania: Fervent enthusiasm for Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.
科爾賓狂熱：對英國工黨領(lǐng)袖杰瑞米-科爾賓的極度狂熱。

Unicorn: Recently launched business valued at more than one billion dollars.
獨角獸：市值超過10億美元的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)。

Antifa noun: (1) an antifascist organization (2) a member of an antifascist organization; adjective: (3) involving, belonging to, or relating to an antifascist organization
反法西斯主義：用作名詞時指的是反法西斯組織或其成員，用作形容詞時指參與、屬于、或與反法西斯組織相關(guān)。

Fidget spinner: a small toy comprising two or three prongs arranged around a central bearing, designed to be spun by the fingers as means of improving concentration or relieving stress
指尖陀螺：有兩三個圍繞中心軸承排列的尖頭的小玩具，可用手指將其旋轉(zhuǎn)，用以提高注意力或減輕壓力。

歷年流行語回顧：

2016 - Brexit: Noun meaning "the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union".
2016年：脫歐（名詞），指英國退出歐盟。

2015 - Binge-watch: Verb meaning "to watch a large number of television programmes (especially all the shows from one series) in succession".
2015年：刷劇/連續(xù)看片（動詞），指連續(xù)觀看大量電視節(jié)目，特別是一部劇的全集。

2014 - Photobomb: Verb meaning "spoiling a photograph by stepping in front of them as the photograph is taken, often doing something silly such as making a funny face".
2014年：照片炸彈（動詞），指拍照時突然亂入，破壞照片，亂入者經(jīng)常在做一些傻事，比如扮鬼臉。

2013 - Geek: Countable noun meaning "someone who is skilled with computers, and who seems more interested in them than in people".
2013年：極客（可數(shù)名詞），指的是“電腦技能高超，且更關(guān)注自己、不愛交際的人。

英文來源：每日郵報、BBC、衛(wèi)報
翻譯&編審：yaning