老外在中國(guó)：有個(gè)會(huì)中文的女兒是什么感受

我6歲的孩子覺(jué)得我像一個(gè)小寶寶，至少是當(dāng)我說(shuō)普通話的時(shí)候。最近，她對(duì)我說(shuō)：“我喜歡你說(shuō)中文，你的中文有點(diǎn)笨笨的，像一個(gè)嬰兒。我喜歡嬰兒。”

By Erik Nilsson

My 6-year-old thinks I’m a baby — at least when I speak Mandarin.
我6歲的孩子覺(jué)得我像一個(gè)小寶寶，至少是當(dāng)我說(shuō)普通話的時(shí)候。

“I like it when you speak Chinese,” she recently told me.
最近，她對(duì)我說(shuō)：“我喜歡你說(shuō)中文”。

“It’s a little awkward. It’s like a baby. And I like babies.”
“你的中文有點(diǎn)笨笨的，像一個(gè)嬰兒。我喜歡嬰兒。”

Chinese is the blonde, blue-eyed girl’s first language. Lily, who was born in Beijing, started to speak English later, after mixing the two tongues. (Her mother isn’t Chinese.)
中文是這個(gè)金發(fā)碧眼小女孩的母語(yǔ)。Lily生在北京，以前總是會(huì)把兩種語(yǔ)言混在一起說(shuō)，之后才開(kāi)始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。（她的媽媽不是中國(guó)人）

“Baba (Daddy) eats jirou (chicken). Baba looks at xiongmaode (the panda’s) hand."
“爸爸eats雞肉。爸爸looks at大熊貓的hand。”

By age 3, she’d separated the languages.
直到3歲，她才能區(qū)分兩種語(yǔ)言。

Her 2-year-old brother recently acquired his first several words — nearly all Chinese.
而Lily兩歲的弟弟最近也學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)話了——說(shuō)的幾個(gè)詞幾乎都是中文。

He nai (drink milk), baobao wo (hug/hold me), jiejie ku (sister is crying).
“喝奶，抱抱我，姐姐哭。”

He uses both “ball” and its Chinese equivalent, “qiu”.
他會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)里的“ball”和中文里的“球”。

“No” is one of his few — and favorite — English words. It’s worth noting, Chinese doesn’t have a direct equivalent to “yes” and “no” but uses other grammatical constructions to affirm and negate.
“No”是他會(huì)的為數(shù)不多的幾個(gè)英文單詞，也是最喜歡的一個(gè)。值得一提的是，中文里沒(méi)有和“yes”、“no”對(duì)應(yīng)的詞匯，而是用其他語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)肯定和否定。

My Chinese is perhaps less like a toddler’s and more like an immigrant’s (a concept my daughter hasn’t developed. She must soon to explain her parents.)
也許，我的中文說(shuō)得并不像小孩，而更像是外來(lái)的移民。移民這個(gè)概念我的女兒還不清楚，不過(guò)她肯定很快就能替父母解釋了。

I’m certified as intermediate in reading and writing, since I passed the national Chinese Proficiency Test’s Level 4 before Lily was born. (Level 6 is the highest.)
在Lily出生之前，我就通過(guò)了全國(guó)漢語(yǔ)水平四級(jí)考試，達(dá)到了中級(jí)讀寫(xiě)水平。（六級(jí)為最高等級(jí)。）

And my spoken Chinese is multiplications better than my character proficiency.
我的中文口語(yǔ)能力比書(shū)面表達(dá)能力好太多。

I can converse about, say, (basic) economics but with grammatical flubs, tone errors and a funny accent. The second two are common among native Chinese with less-than-perfect Putonghua (standardized Mandarin).
我可以談?wù)摶镜慕?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，但是有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，聲調(diào)錯(cuò)誤，口音滑稽。而后面兩個(gè)問(wèn)題在普通話不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的中國(guó)人中也很常見(jiàn)。

There’s a theory that language shapes how we perceive the world.
有一種理論認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言決定了我們看待世界的方式。

I’ve observed, for instance, that after using only Chinese for a period, two things happen.
比如說(shuō)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，在講中文一段時(shí)間后發(fā)生了兩件事。

First, I start to think simple thoughts in Chinese. I notice because I sometimes talk to myself. Say I’m traveling and haven’t spoken English in days — I’ll mutter “Wode shouji zai nali?” rather than “Where’s my phone?”.
第一是我開(kāi)始用中文來(lái)表達(dá)一些簡(jiǎn)單的想法。因?yàn)槲矣袝r(shí)會(huì)自言自語(yǔ)，所以注意到了這點(diǎn)。比如我在旅行時(shí)幾天沒(méi)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了，我會(huì)嘟囔著“我的手機(jī)在哪里？”而不是“Where is my phone”。

Second, I think about the world differently in such ways as, in my mind’s eye, “opening” rather than turning on the light — a direct translation into English that retains the Chinese language’s conceptualization of the phenomenon.
第二，我開(kāi)始用不同的角度感知世界，比如，我會(huì)想到“opening”而不是“turning on”電燈，這就是直譯成英文，保留了中文語(yǔ)言對(duì)開(kāi)燈這一動(dòng)作的概念。

I was wondering how this works for Lily, since she’s a native speaker of both but acquired Chinese first.
我想知道Lily是不是也有這種感受，因?yàn)橹杏⑽亩际撬哪刚Z(yǔ)，只是她先學(xué)會(huì)了中文。

She says she only thinks in English and translates in her head.
她說(shuō)她只用英文思考，然后在腦子里翻譯出來(lái)。

She claims to never dream in Chinese, which I sometimes do.
她說(shuō)自己從來(lái)不會(huì)做說(shuō)中文的夢(mèng)，而我有時(shí)候會(huì)這樣。

That seems counterintuitive.
這似乎和直覺(jué)相悖。

She told me in English the other morning: “I’m not afraid of the cold. I’m afraid of being hot.”
某天早上，她用英語(yǔ)告訴我：“I'm not afraid of the cold. I'm afraid of being hot.（我不怕冷，我怕熱）。”

This is a direct translation into English. Chinese typically conveys an aversion to temperature extremes using the word for fear (pa), rather than a synonym for dislike.
這句話是直譯成英文的。中文中通常用“怕”這個(gè)詞傳達(dá)對(duì)極端溫度的厭惡，而不是用“不喜歡”之類的同義詞。

And I’ve noticed how our family mixes the languages at home.
而且我注意到我們?cè)诩依镆矔?huì)混合兩種語(yǔ)言。

I’ll ask my wife: “Mind if I kai (open) the kongtiao (air conditioner)? Did you mai (buy) the piao (tickets)?”
我會(huì)問(wèn)我的妻子：“Mind if I開(kāi)空調(diào)？Did you買票？”（介意我開(kāi)空調(diào)嗎？你買票了嗎？）

My daughter only calls me Baba— never Daddy — whichever language or mix we’re using.
不過(guò)，不論我們用哪種語(yǔ)言交流或是混合使用，我的女兒只叫我“爸爸”，從來(lái)不會(huì)叫“Daddy”。

That said, I’m still a baby to her.
雖說(shuō)如此，和她相比，我的中文依然是嬰兒水平。

Perhaps I am —in the way of rediscovering the world like children do, through another language. It’s like “opening” the light that illuminates a new perspective.
或許我現(xiàn)在就如小孩一般，通過(guò)另一種語(yǔ)言重新認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)世界。就像是“開(kāi)”了盞燈，照亮一個(gè)全新的視角。

英文來(lái)源：“CHINA DAILY”微信公眾號(hào)
翻譯：王嘉騰（實(shí)習(xí)）
編審：丹妮 董靜
音頻編輯：唐曉敏

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Broadcaster

Erik Nilsson is an American journalist who has worked in China for over 10 years. His work has won various honors, including the Chinese Government Friendship Award - the highest honor the country bestows on foreigners. He has traveled to every provincial-level jurisdiction except Chongqing and Guangdong, covering such stories as the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes, nomadic communities’ development and civil society.