您現在的位置: Language Tips> Audio & Video> Special Speed News  
       
     





     
    Nobel recognizes research into economic governance
    [ 2009-10-16 10:51 ]

     

    This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.

    Economists usually study markets. Now, two Americans have won the Nobel Prize in economics for not studying markets.

    They will share almost one and a half million dollars for their analysis of economic governance. This is the study of how economic activity is governed within companies, communities and other groups.

    Nobel recognizes research into economic governance

    The winners are Elinor Ostrom of Indiana University in Bloomington and Oliver Williamson of the University of California, Berkeley. The prize in economic sciences has gone to 63 men since it was first awarded 40 years ago. Elinor Ostrom is the first woman. And, like other winners over the years, her training is not limited to economics. She is a professor of political science and of public and environmental affairs.

    Today, economic theory suggests that good resource management requires ownership, either private or public. If not, the thinking goes, then self-interest will lead to overuse and destruction of shared resources. Ecologist Garrett Hardin described this idea in 1968 as "the tragedy of the commons."

    Elinor Ostrom showed how local decision making can lessen the tragedy. Her research has deepened understanding of how people balance their needs with those of others who depend on the same resources.

    She studied communities like farmers in Southern California who depended on a common water supply. She documented how people who use resources often develop ways to share them. One example is forest management.

    ELINOR OSTROM: "One of the absolutely key, most important variables as to whether or not a forest survives and continues is whether local people monitor each other and its use. Not officials, locals."

    Nobel recognizes research into economic governance

    Oliver Williamson has studied big companies and found that they often are better than markets at doing complex jobs. Under his theory, businesses act as structures for conflict resolution.

    For example, companies that own their suppliers can avoid long-term contracts and disputes over prices. This can make production more efficient and make better use of limited resources.

    But businesses can also abuse their power. Professor Williamson says the best way to deal with this is not by limiting the size of companies, but through industry regulation.

    The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said economists need to do more than study markets and prices. The Nobel judges urged more research like the kind they recognized with this year's award.

    And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.

    Related stories:

    華人科學家高錕獲諾貝爾物理學獎

    Two Americans capture top Nobel Economics Prize

    諾貝爾經濟學獎首位女性得主誕生

    Obama, faced with two wars, wins Peace Prize

    奧巴馬在白宮發表獲諾貝爾和平獎感言

    (Source: VOA 英語點津編輯)

    英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883631聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。
    相關文章 Related Story
     
     
     
    本頻道最新推薦
     
    女性比男性更愛哭 一年可達64次
    China Daily Video News October 16, 2009
    奧巴馬最愛口頭禪:“我要說清楚”
    寵物孩子 fur kid
    I'm down 我很樂意
    翻吧推薦
     
    論壇熱貼
     
    翻譯達人評選,快來投票!
    經典英語口語,不得不看(推薦)
    I chocolate you!怎么翻譯?
    請教obama演講里的一句話
     
    曬曬小D機器人暴強的翻譯

     

    欧美一级一区二区中文字幕| 亚洲av无码一区二区三区人妖| 亚洲AV永久无码一区二区三区| 精品国产毛片一区二区无码| 日本高清免费中文在线看| 无码av最新无码av专区| 亚洲中文字幕丝袜制服一区| 中文无码人妻有码人妻中文字幕| 无码乱人伦一区二区亚洲一| 精品无码免费专区毛片| 日本中文字幕一区二区有码在线| 成在人线av无码免费高潮水| 亚洲精品无码国产| 中文字幕一区二区三区日韩精品| 久久中文骚妇内射| 亚洲Aⅴ无码一区二区二三区软件| 国产拍拍拍无码视频免费 | 久久中文字幕人妻熟av女| 18禁无遮拦无码国产在线播放| 精品国产V无码大片在线看| 精品人妻V?出轨中文字幕| 亚洲VA中文字幕无码毛片| 久本草在线中文字幕亚洲欧美| 久久人妻少妇嫩草AV无码蜜桃| 久久精品中文无码资源站| 人妻丰满熟妇岳AV无码区HD| 在线a亚洲v天堂网2019无码| 国产成人无码区免费内射一片色欲| 中文字幕一区二区三区在线不卡| 无码毛片一区二区三区中文字幕| 久久无码中文字幕东京热| 天堂а√在线中文在线最新版| 99在线精品国自产拍中文字幕| 欧美日韩久久中文字幕 | 久别的草原在线影院电影观看中文| 国模无码一区二区三区不卡| 久久精品无码专区免费| 日韩视频无码日韩视频又2021 | 亚洲国产精品无码久久久久久曰| 精品无码国产一区二区三区AV| 精品人妻系列无码天堂|