你看到愛因斯坦還是夢(mèng)露？

As this image gets larger, what do you see?
隨著這張圖片越放越大，你看到了誰(shuí)？

Most people will pick out a phantom-like picture of Albert Einstein. But if you see a Hollywood pin-up, you may need a trip to the opticians.
大多數(shù)人看到的是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦的一張?jiān)幃愓掌Ｈ绻憧吹降氖呛萌R塢女明星，也許你就得去一趟眼鏡店了。

At normal viewing distance, healthy eyes should be able to pick up the fine lines on Einstein's face, causing the brain to disregard Marilyn Monroe's image altogether.
在正常的觀察距離下，健康的眼睛能夠捕捉到愛因斯坦臉上的線條，這讓大腦可以完全忽略瑪麗蓮·夢(mèng)露的圖像。

This classic optical illusion was created several years ago by neuroscientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
這一視錯(cuò)覺經(jīng)典圖像是麻省理工學(xué)院神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家們幾年前制作的。

In a recent video, Asap Science highlighted the process behind the trick, which can also be seen in a still image by anyone if they move closer and then farther away from the screen.
在最近的視頻中，YouTube科普大神Asap Science揭露了這個(gè)視錯(cuò)覺背后的操作過(guò)程，只要觀察者調(diào)整自己與屏幕的距離，那么每個(gè)人都能從一幅靜態(tài)圖片中觀察到圖片的變化。

‘Depending on how well you're able to focus or pick up contrast, your eye will only pick out details,’ the video explains. 視頻中這樣解釋道：“這都取決于你的聚焦能力和識(shí)別對(duì)比度的能力，你的眼睛只會(huì)關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)。”

‘Up close, we're generally able to pick up fine details like Einstein's moustache and wrinkles.
“近距離觀察時(shí)，我們大都能夠觀察到圖片上的細(xì)節(jié)，比如愛因斯坦臉上的小胡子和皺紋。

‘But as the distance increases, or if your vision is poor and creates a more blurred image in the first place, your ability to pick up details fades away.
“但當(dāng)觀察距離被拉長(zhǎng)，或是視力問題讓你看到的圖像變得模糊時(shí)，你觀察事物細(xì)節(jié)的能力就會(huì)逐漸消失。

‘Instead you only see general features, like the shape of mouth, nose and hair, and are left seeing Marilyn Monroe. ‘
“這時(shí)，我們只能看到大致的容貌特征，比如嘴型、鼻子和發(fā)型，因此，我們最終會(huì)看到是瑪麗蓮·夢(mèng)露的畫像。”

The MIT team, led by Dr Aude Oliva, has spent over a decade creating hybrid optical illusions that show how images can be hidden with textures, words and other objects.
由奧德·奧利瓦博士領(lǐng)銜的麻省理工團(tuán)隊(duì)經(jīng)過(guò)十年的努力，最終制作出了這些混合視錯(cuò)覺圖像，向我們展示了圖像是怎樣被紋理、文字和其他圖案隱藏起來(lái)的。

'Marilyn Einstein' was created by superimposing a blurry picture of Marilyn Monroe over a picture of Albert Einstein drawn in fine lines.
這張“瑪麗蓮·愛因斯坦”混合圖像由夢(mèng)露的模糊照片疊加在愛因斯坦的細(xì)線素描上組成。

Features with a high spatial frequency are only visible when viewing them close up, and those with low spatial frequencies are only visible at a distance.
高空間頻率的容貌特征只有在近距離的情況下才能看出，而那些低空間頻率的圖像特征只能在遠(yuǎn)距離的情況下可見。

Combining pictures of the two produces a single image which changes when the viewer moves closer or farther away from the screen.
當(dāng)我們把這兩種圖像疊加在一起時(shí)，觀察者可以通過(guò)調(diào)整自己與屏幕的距離，而看到不同的圖像。

Dr Oliva's group say these images not only reveal vision problems, but can also highlight how the brain processes information.
奧利瓦博士的團(tuán)隊(duì)稱，這類圖片不僅能暴露視力問題，還顯示了我們的大腦是如何處理信息的。

In one study, participants were shown hybrid images for just of 30 milliseconds, and only recognised the low spatial resolution, or blurry, component of the image.
在一項(xiàng)研究中，當(dāng)參與者只有30毫秒觀察混合圖像時(shí)，他們只能看到低空間分辨率的，或是模糊的局部圖像內(nèi)容。

But when the images were shown for 150 milliseconds, they only recognised the image that was produced in fine detail, or in high spatial resolution.
但當(dāng)圖片顯示150毫秒時(shí)，他們只能分辨出用細(xì)線畫出的圖像，或是高空間分辨率的圖像。

In a separate test, they were shown sad faces in high spatial resolution and angry faces in low spatial resolution. They superimposed pictures used both male and female faces.
在另一項(xiàng)測(cè)試中，研究人員們向他們展示了一張高空間分辨率的悲傷面容，和一張低空間分辨率的憤怒面容。這些圖像通過(guò)疊加男性和女性的面容制作而成。

When displayed for 50 milliseconds, participants always saw an angry face, but were unable to pinpoint the sex of the person pictured.
當(dāng)圖片只顯示50毫秒時(shí)，參與者看到都是一張帶有憤怒表情的圖像，但卻不能精準(zhǔn)地描述出圖中人物的性別。

Dr Oliva says this shows that our brains discriminate between picking out fine detail in some situations, and broader detail in others.
奧利瓦博士表示，這證明在特定情況下，我們大腦能夠區(qū)分圖片中細(xì)小的細(xì)節(jié)和更為廣泛的細(xì)節(jié)。

The brain's processing of fine details happens slightly later than processing other features, according to the research.
研究表明，大腦處理細(xì)節(jié)信息的過(guò)程要比處理其他樣貌特征的過(guò)程略微緩慢些。

The teams believe hybrid images such as this may prove useful to advertisers who want to change how their logos appear at different distances.
研究團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，如果廣告商想讓商標(biāo)在不同觀察距離下呈現(xiàn)出不同的影像，類似這樣的混合圖像會(huì)很有利用價(jià)值。

It could also be used to mask text on devices so only someone viewing close up can read it. 同時(shí)，我們還可以用這種技術(shù)來(lái)掩飾儀器上的文本信息，只有當(dāng)人們近距離查看時(shí)才能看到其中的內(nèi)容。

Vocabulary

pin-up: 女明星

optical illusion: 視錯(cuò)覺

superimpose: 使（圖像）疊加

（翻譯：張展文BISTU 編輯：Helen）