久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

Domestic Affairs

Are Westerners in China more socially virtuous than Chinese?

By Patrick Mattimore (chinadaily.com.cn)
Updated: 2011-06-18 10:35
Large Medium Small

If you haven’t already read Liu Shinan’s opinion on the editorial page of Wednesday's China Daily, give a look (Recovering a long-lost social virtue).

Whether you agree with Liu Shinan or not, he broaches a compelling topic. Liu supposes that Chinese can learn from Westerners how to better safeguard social order and justice. As an example, he cites the case of the expatriate stopping a car that was going the wrong way on a one-way Guangzhou street.

To buttress his supposition, Liu cites a personal example of a foreigner who had yelled at him many years ago when Liu’s reckless driving nearly caused an accident.

Liu’s conclusion is that Westerners have developed a stronger sense of civic duty while Chinese have “become inured to petty violations of the country’s rules and regulations.”

As a Westerner, I would like nothing more than to ride in on my high horse and slip on a hero’s white hat. I’m just not quite sure it fits.

Here’s my own example. This past weekend my wife and I were about to board a bus in our Haidian neighborhood when we noticed a commotion between a young man and a young woman. He was grabbing her roughly. She was trying to get away and he threw a giant suitcase at her. Other people were watching. I intervened and stepped between the two individuals.

Okay. So far we have the white knight hero scenario Liu describes. But the young man didn’t react the way a Westerner would have (nor at least the way I think most Westerners would have) reacted. Rather than turn his anger upon me (Western response), the young man tried to explain that this was his girlfriend and that they were perfectly capable of working things out. He was able to compartmentalize and direct his anger at his girlfriend while simultaneously addressing me respectfully.

I still thought the young woman was in danger and urged her to get away but she stayed close by and continued to take guff from him, though less physical stuff. I backed off the scene.

Now here’s the thing. I completely agree with Liu that all of us need to take more responsibility for enforcing social norms. I did the right thing by intervening and I also agree with Liu that none of the Chinese witnessing the events were likely to get involved. I just don’t happen to think Westerners do interventions any better than Chinese but psychological science may explain why they appear to- at least in China.

First, one of the most researched and best understood phenomenon in psychology is bystander apathy or the bystander effect. The preeminent research on the topic was done by Princeton psychologist John Darley and his colleague Bibb Latane. Following in the wake of the Kitty Genovese murder case in New York City in which a young woman was stabbed many times while numerous neighbors watched but failed to intervene, Darley and Latane conducted laboratory experiments to understand why.

What the researchers found was that the chances of someone being rescued in Genovese situations or indeed in more mundane situations like the one I faced this weekend, is inversely proportional to the number of bystanders- i.e. the more people watching the less chance of intervention. The explanation is that people’s sense that they need to do something, even in situations of peril, decreases with more people because we take our social cues from the inactivity of others.

Responsibility is diffused and as Darley and Latane concluded: There is peril, not safety, in numbers. Now, I’m no hero but I am familiar with the bystander effect which makes it more likely that I will intervene and also makes me a bad subject from which to draw a more general conclusion.

There is also a second, less-well understood phenomenon, that might suggest why a Westerner would enforce a rule or law in China whereas Chinese would ignore petty violations.

We are all subject to powerful situational factors that largely control our behaviors. Americans are no different than Chinese in wishing to fit in, i.e. not stand out, even though Westerners give lip service to individuality. In a situation that calls for an intervention, the more powerful situational command is to do nothing so as not to draw attention to oneself.

However, Westerners in China stand out anyway. We therefore don’t experience that “fit in” commandment the same way a Chinese person does. That may make it easier for Westerners in China to yell at someone going the wrong way down a one-way street or intervene in a fight.

Finally, next week I will be in San Francisco meeting with Dr. Phil Zimbardo, America’s most famous scientific psychologist. Zimbardo is best-known for conducting the Stanford Prison Experiment in the early 1970s where he demonstrated how powerful situational forces could cause normal boys to act abhorrently.

Zimbardo’s current research focuses on advancing everyday heroism by ordinary people. I’m pretty sure he’ll have some ideas about ways to develop a stronger sense of our civic duties in China too.

Patrick Mattimore is a fellow at the Institute for Analytic Journalism, a former high school psychology teacher, and an adjunct instructor of law at Tsinghua/Temple Law School LLM Program in Beijing. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of the China Daily website.

分享按鈕
久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    亚洲一本大道在线| 亚洲国产成人精品视频| 国产成人av电影| 欧美国产禁国产网站cc| 成人免费黄色在线| 1024成人网| 欧美综合天天夜夜久久| 日韩高清在线电影| 欧美精品一区视频| 成人看片黄a免费看在线| 成人免费一区二区三区视频| 欧美日韩一卡二卡三卡| 日本美女一区二区三区视频| 精品人在线二区三区| 丁香亚洲综合激情啪啪综合| 日韩美女精品在线| 欧美日韩综合不卡| 久久er精品视频| 国产嫩草影院久久久久| 91麻豆国产香蕉久久精品| 午夜精品福利一区二区三区av | 中文字幕中文字幕一区二区| 在线视频国内一区二区| 日韩成人一级大片| 国产三级三级三级精品8ⅰ区| av激情综合网| 天天亚洲美女在线视频| 26uuu色噜噜精品一区二区| 91丨九色丨蝌蚪富婆spa| 首页国产丝袜综合| 国产日本一区二区| 欧美日韩中文精品| 国产一区二区三区蝌蚪| 亚洲精品第1页| 欧美tickling网站挠脚心| 99天天综合性| 日本不卡视频在线观看| 国产精品视频你懂的| 欧美日韩国产综合一区二区| 国产高清在线精品| 亚洲国产日韩在线一区模特| 久久众筹精品私拍模特| 日本福利一区二区| 国产在线精品一区二区不卡了 | a美女胸又www黄视频久久| 亚洲成人高清在线| 国产午夜亚洲精品午夜鲁丝片| 色播五月激情综合网| 狠狠色综合播放一区二区| 亚洲精品伦理在线| 精品国产乱码久久久久久久久| 色婷婷精品久久二区二区蜜臂av | 成人禁用看黄a在线| 天天综合日日夜夜精品| 国产精品国产三级国产普通话蜜臀| 欧美麻豆精品久久久久久| 国产成人aaaa| 免费高清成人在线| 亚洲精品免费视频| 欧美经典一区二区| 91精品国产全国免费观看| 成人免费三级在线| 精品一区二区免费在线观看| 一区二区高清视频在线观看| 欧美国产乱子伦| 日韩精品中文字幕在线不卡尤物| 91亚洲男人天堂| 国产麻豆成人精品| 日韩av网站在线观看| 中文字幕一区二| 2023国产一二三区日本精品2022| 欧美性生活久久| 成人av在线观| 国产一区999| 免费一级片91| 亚洲国产日韩av| 亚洲欧美怡红院| 久久精品在线免费观看| 日韩午夜激情视频| 欧美日韩国产一级片| 色婷婷一区二区三区四区| 成人国产精品免费| 国产一区二区精品久久| 免费观看91视频大全| 午夜精品久久久久久久99樱桃| 亚洲乱码中文字幕| 中文字幕五月欧美| 国产精品久久久久影视| 国产亚洲欧美在线| 26uuu国产电影一区二区| 91精品国产综合久久香蕉麻豆 | 99精品久久久久久| 成人网在线播放| 国产精品亚洲成人| 国产精品18久久久久久久久久久久| 蜜臀久久久久久久| 日韩制服丝袜先锋影音| 亚洲成人手机在线| 亚洲国产aⅴ天堂久久| 一个色在线综合| 亚洲日本va午夜在线电影| 国产精品国产三级国产a| 欧美韩日一区二区三区四区| 久久免费的精品国产v∧| 精品国产乱码久久久久久闺蜜| 日韩一区和二区| 91精品在线一区二区| 欧美一区二区三区在| 91精品国产入口| 日韩三级视频在线看| 日韩欧美在线观看一区二区三区| 91精品国产综合久久精品| 欧美一区三区二区| 欧美白人最猛性xxxxx69交| 日韩免费在线观看| 精品国产乱子伦一区| 久久久综合精品| 国产欧美精品一区二区色综合| 国产视频亚洲色图| 亚洲欧美综合网| 亚洲欧美另类小说| 亚洲国产精品久久人人爱| 首页综合国产亚洲丝袜| 蜜臀av国产精品久久久久| 黄网站免费久久| 成人午夜av在线| 一本一道波多野结衣一区二区| 在线观看不卡一区| 8x8x8国产精品| 精品av久久707| 中文字幕欧美日本乱码一线二线| 国产精品美女久久福利网站| 136国产福利精品导航| 亚洲一二三四区不卡| 日韩成人免费看| 狠狠色狠狠色合久久伊人| 国产91丝袜在线18| 91免费观看视频在线| 欧美日韩一区二区不卡| 精品国精品自拍自在线| 国产精品免费av| 伊人婷婷欧美激情| 日本亚洲三级在线| 国产成人午夜电影网| 91免费在线看| 欧美一区二区在线免费播放 | 国产精品美女久久久久aⅴ | 亚洲精品欧美二区三区中文字幕| 婷婷开心激情综合| 国产资源在线一区| 色伊人久久综合中文字幕| 欧美日韩成人综合天天影院| 亚洲精品一区二区三区在线观看| 国产精品久久久久久久久免费丝袜 | 国产精品视频第一区| 亚洲午夜在线视频| 精品一区二区三区在线观看国产| av在线一区二区三区| 欧美日韩一区成人| 国产区在线观看成人精品| 一区二区三区精品| 久久66热re国产| 99re成人精品视频| 日韩一级二级三级| 国产精品传媒视频| 日韩av电影天堂| 成人影视亚洲图片在线| 欧美日韩夫妻久久| 亚洲国产成人午夜在线一区| 亚洲不卡一区二区三区| 国产高清精品在线| 欧美色欧美亚洲另类二区| 久久新电视剧免费观看| 一区二区三区四区av| 久久电影网站中文字幕| 91丨九色丨黑人外教| 日韩精品一区二区在线观看| 亚洲精品视频在线| 精东粉嫩av免费一区二区三区 | 成人午夜电影小说| 欧美一区二区人人喊爽| 中文字幕一区二区三区蜜月| 蜜臀av一区二区| 色婷婷久久综合| 国产日韩欧美一区二区三区乱码 | 自拍av一区二区三区| 久久se精品一区精品二区| 欧洲亚洲精品在线| 国产欧美一区二区精品忘忧草 | 91丝袜美腿高跟国产极品老师| 精品粉嫩aⅴ一区二区三区四区| 一区二区三区中文字幕精品精品 | 一区二区三区四区在线| 国产福利电影一区二区三区| 欧美喷水一区二区| 亚洲色图.com| 粉嫩av亚洲一区二区图片| 精品免费视频一区二区| 午夜视黄欧洲亚洲| 91啦中文在线观看|