Uneven distribution of education resources between rural and urban areas is mainly to blame for fewer rural students clearing the national college entrance exam. Because of limited and even deficient education resources in the countryside, rural students lag behind their urban counterparts in many aspects from the primary to the higher secondary level, and are thus handicapped when it comes to clearing the national college entrance exam. Some of them don't even get the opportunity to take the exam.

Actually, it's not uncommon to see rural students drop out of school and seek work in cities after finishing the nine-year compulsory education. The education resources available to rural education authorities for the mandatory education period are much less than what their urban counterparts get. For instance, Beijing's per capita public expenditure in primary schools in 2011 was 19,894.11 yuan ($3,022), and most of the students in the city were urban hukou holders. On the contrary, in Henan province where rural residents constitute the majority of the population, per capita expenditure in public primary school was only 2,736.91 yuan.

Higher education is not the only way to achieve success in life in today's fast-changing society. But it cannot be denied that higher education has helped many people (and will help many others) to realize their dreams. Many studies and experiences from across the world show that a person's education level plays a key role in his/her career development and income. Besides, Chinese people have traditionally regarded education as an effective and promising tool to climb up the social and economic ladder.

Moreover, higher education has a key role to play in realizing the Chinese Dream of rejuvenating the Chinese nation, because it cultivates talents. To realize the Chinese Dream, it is important that our society provides enough opportunities to all talented students, irrespective of whether they are from rural or urban areas, to pursue higher education and rise higher on the academic ladder. If some brilliant rural students are stopped from entering top colleges, it would be a great waste of talent for the country.

Fortunately, the authorities have realized the significance of quality education and implemented measures to change the situation. In 2012, the central government asked key colleges across the country to enroll 10,000 students from rural areas in advance. This year, Premier Li Keqiang further increased the rural students' quota in key universities to 30,000, which has raised the ratio of rural students in top universities such as Peking University. More importantly, it is expected to provide more opportunities for excellent students from the countryside.

But such projects can only temporarily make up for the unbalanced urban-rural education gaps. To strike the right balance in the distribution of education resources between urban and rural areas and provide better opportunities to rural students, education authorities have to make greater efforts to narrow the gap between urban areas and the countryside. This can be done by increasing the expenditure on education in rural areas, especially for the compulsory education period.

The Chinese Dream consists of countless individual dreams, which start from the moment they step into school. After all, guaranteeing everyone equal opportunity to pursue their dreams is what the Chinese Dream is really about.

The author is a writer with China Daily. wangyiqing@chinadaily.com.cn.

(China Daily 10/09/2013 page9)