久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Opinion / Op-Ed Contributors

Reality of China's aging society

By Grayson Clarke (China Daily) Updated: 2013-12-19 08:27

A focus on the social care and well-being of senior citizens (as opposed to more narrowly focused healthcare) is almost a necessity given the rise of the 75-plus age group and the "empty nest" phenomenon resulting from migration and the strict family planning policy.

But it is necessary to ensure that that provision is software focused - on the human side of daycare, stimulation and attending to personal needs such as help with cooking and cleaning rather than just adoption of construction programs for old people's homes. Some institutional care will also be needed in rural areas and to address growing problems of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The nature of care, however, must be driven by the needs and desires of the elderly, not by GDP calculations of local officials.

This expansion of care will cost money and while China may experiment with long-term insurance for its younger workers, there is little choice but for the State to dig deeper into its pockets to meet the needs of the retired and close-to-retirement people.

A key proposal of the plenum is to expand the contribution of retained profit of State-owned enterprises to the government social security, although the 30 percent limit seems too low. Still this proposal should have multiple benefits - a better return on the State's investment in State-owned enterprises, less money sloshing around to be wasted in unwarranted expansion of non-core businesses and more resources for social security. Whether this extra funding will be paid to the general budget or to the National Social Security Fund and whether it will only be used to finance pensions or other health and social care benefits is one of the details still to be answered.

Indeed while almost every policy change is to be welcomed, "the devil lies in the detail". For example, the plenum talked about integrating social planning and individual accounts in the basic pension system (which has been de facto the policy for the last few years) but at the same time it said inputs into personal investment accounts would be increased to get higher annuities. These propositions are not necessarily contradictory but do not clarify whether the government is opting for funded or notional individual accounts, a long-standing contention between the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

The plenum report also talks about the integration of health and social security rights between urban and rural areas. But this could mean nationalizing, as opposed to merely "coordinating", the local-governments-controlled pools of social security across the country and taking the management of rural healthcare insurance away from the Ministry of Health. Only three years ago, the MOH fought a successful battle to keep rural health insurance outside the ambit of the social insurance law. On that and on many other issues, defeating long-standing institutional "interest" in the maintenance of the existing order will represent a formidable challenge.

The plenum recognized that the economic and social development model developed 30 years ago for a vastly different China was no longer "fit for the purpose". But translating the right policy directions into concrete and quick actions will not be easy.

In November 2007, China Daily published an article on the problems of healthcare reform with the headline, "Policy debate hinders reform". There have literally been thousands of pieces of research producing many different policy options on all aspects of demographic changes, urbanization and the aging society. The time for debate and analysis is over; the time for the senior leadership to make and implement concrete choices has arrived.

The author, based in Kuala Lumpur, is an international financial consultant and former fund management expert on the EU-China Social Security Project.

(China Daily 12/19/2013 page9)

Previous Page 1 2 Next Page

Most Viewed Today's Top News
New type of urbanization is in the details
...
久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    国产精品久久久久久久久久免费看 | 91在线码无精品| 亚洲另类春色校园小说| 欧美撒尿777hd撒尿| 久久精品二区亚洲w码| 久久精品视频在线看| 白白色亚洲国产精品| 亚洲狠狠爱一区二区三区| 91精品国产色综合久久ai换脸| 国产资源精品在线观看| 1024成人网| 宅男噜噜噜66一区二区66| 国产福利一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美另类久久久精品| 91精品国产91热久久久做人人| 国产经典欧美精品| 亚洲精品福利视频网站| 日韩亚洲欧美成人一区| 福利电影一区二区| 亚洲国产精品影院| 久久久久久久综合日本| 91福利社在线观看| 蜜桃精品视频在线| 1024成人网色www| 日韩三级精品电影久久久| 成人污污视频在线观看| 视频一区视频二区中文| 久久精品无码一区二区三区| 日本高清不卡一区| 国产最新精品免费| 亚洲国产一区二区三区| 久久久久久久久97黄色工厂| 在线日韩av片| 国产一区二区在线视频| 亚洲国产成人av| 国产目拍亚洲精品99久久精品| 91国偷自产一区二区三区观看 | 精品一区二区三区免费播放| 亚洲丝袜自拍清纯另类| 日韩欧美国产一区二区三区 | 五月天欧美精品| 国产日韩v精品一区二区| 欧美精品日韩一区| 97久久精品人人做人人爽 | 成人a免费在线看| 奇米精品一区二区三区在线观看| 亚洲色图视频网| 久久色在线视频| 欧美日韩你懂得| av电影在线不卡| 激情伊人五月天久久综合| 亚洲国产成人高清精品| ...av二区三区久久精品| 精品免费99久久| 欧美日韩午夜精品| 91丨九色丨黑人外教| 国产尤物一区二区在线 | 男男成人高潮片免费网站| 亚洲视频一区在线观看| 久久久精品天堂| 欧美一激情一区二区三区| 欧美专区在线观看一区| 成人少妇影院yyyy| 极品美女销魂一区二区三区免费| 午夜视频在线观看一区二区 | 99久精品国产| 国产精品亚洲午夜一区二区三区 | 91在线小视频| 国产精品一区久久久久| 欧美aⅴ一区二区三区视频| 亚洲国产另类av| 亚洲黄色av一区| 综合中文字幕亚洲| 日本一区二区三区免费乱视频| 69久久夜色精品国产69蝌蚪网 | 欧美三级日韩在线| 色综合久久久久网| 不卡的电视剧免费网站有什么| 国产精品一级黄| 极品尤物av久久免费看| 美女网站色91| 日本视频免费一区| 日韩精品高清不卡| 天天色图综合网| 天天色综合成人网| 亚洲mv大片欧洲mv大片精品| 亚洲国产一区视频| 亚洲国产美女搞黄色| 亚洲精品v日韩精品| 椎名由奈av一区二区三区| 中文字幕一区二区三区av| 久久精品亚洲麻豆av一区二区| www国产成人| 精品1区2区在线观看| 26uuu精品一区二区三区四区在线 26uuu精品一区二区在线观看 | 色老汉一区二区三区| 91看片淫黄大片一级在线观看| 成人美女视频在线观看18| 粉嫩av一区二区三区| 成人性生交大合| 99在线热播精品免费| 9久草视频在线视频精品| 99精品热视频| 在线亚洲高清视频| 欧美伊人久久久久久久久影院| 欧美在线观看视频一区二区三区| 欧美三级视频在线| 7777精品伊人久久久大香线蕉的 | 91丨国产丨九色丨pron| 色琪琪一区二区三区亚洲区| 97se狠狠狠综合亚洲狠狠| 色婷婷精品大视频在线蜜桃视频| 欧美亚洲高清一区| 在线不卡中文字幕播放| 日韩精品中文字幕在线不卡尤物| 精品免费一区二区三区| 国产欧美日韩精品a在线观看| 日本一区二区高清| 日韩码欧中文字| 亚洲成av人片在www色猫咪| 日本一不卡视频| 狠狠狠色丁香婷婷综合久久五月| 国产伦理精品不卡| 99r国产精品| 欧美色图免费看| 欧美大胆人体bbbb| 欧美国产国产综合| 一区二区三区在线高清| 青青草国产精品亚洲专区无| 国产精品一区二区在线看| 91天堂素人约啪| 91麻豆精品国产综合久久久久久| 欧美精品一区二区久久久| 中文字幕在线不卡| 午夜私人影院久久久久| 国产一区二区中文字幕| 91蜜桃在线免费视频| 这里只有精品视频在线观看| 久久色成人在线| 亚洲摸摸操操av| 蜜臀av性久久久久蜜臀aⅴ| 高清日韩电视剧大全免费| 欧美在线视频你懂得| 精品区一区二区| 亚洲日本一区二区三区| 日本不卡在线视频| 国产·精品毛片| 欧美日韩国产大片| 国产日韩欧美综合在线| 亚洲伊人伊色伊影伊综合网| 精品在线免费观看| 91在线观看地址| 欧美zozozo| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区极速播放 | 一区二区三区成人| 国产自产2019最新不卡| 色婷婷亚洲精品| 26uuu成人网一区二区三区| 一区二区成人在线视频| 九一九一国产精品| 色999日韩国产欧美一区二区| 日韩欧美高清dvd碟片| 亚洲欧美另类图片小说| 狠狠色综合播放一区二区| 在线观看亚洲a| 国产午夜精品福利| 天天操天天干天天综合网| 波波电影院一区二区三区| 日韩欧美卡一卡二| 一区二区三区成人| 国产aⅴ综合色| 91精品国产乱| 尤物av一区二区| 国产精品一卡二| 欧美一区二区三区男人的天堂| 中文字幕亚洲在| 精品系列免费在线观看| 欧美最新大片在线看| 国产精品免费看片| 蜜桃精品视频在线| 欧美怡红院视频| 国产精品白丝在线| 国产一区在线观看视频| 欧美日韩国产一区| 亚洲视频一区在线观看| 国产成人午夜精品影院观看视频| 在线播放国产精品二区一二区四区| 国产精品久久久久久户外露出| 精品一区中文字幕| 91精品国产综合久久婷婷香蕉 | 国产成人超碰人人澡人人澡| 在线不卡中文字幕播放| 亚洲黄色免费电影| www.欧美日韩| 久久久精品国产免费观看同学| 蜜臀av亚洲一区中文字幕| 欧美日韩第一区日日骚| 一区二区三区四区激情| www.日韩av| 国产精品天美传媒|