久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

Make me your Homepage
left corner left corner
China Daily Website

Cold facts of a warming world

Updated: 2012-12-03 19:20
By Suhit Sen (China Daily)

The Doha climate change conference — the 18th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change — is barely halfway through, but it has become abundantly clear already that a resolution on any key issue is unlikely to transpire. It is equally clear that the confabulations on climate change have become a reenactment of history — annually as farce.

The line of divide between the developed world and the global South has become more entrenched than ever and every year the trenches keep getting dug deeper. That is especially so because Europe — which started out with moderate and environmentally sensible positions — is now following the lead of the climate hardliners in the developed world, especially the United States, Canada and Australia. In such a situation, compromise is nearly impossible and, most unfortunately, all negotiations are as spurious as they are meaningless.

Let us then look at what the global South under the leadership of China, India, Brazil and South Africa must do on some of the key issues. First, of course, is the small matter of the Kyoto Protocol itself. Southern negotiators have so far been steadfast on one point, with some unfortunate lapses, and must remain so. It is up to the developing world — led or not by the BASIC group — to reiterate this principle.

Principally, the basic tenets of the Kyoto Protocol are not up for grabs in any way and neither is the Bali Action Plan. Therefore, first, Annex I countries must reaffirm binding and deep cuts in their emissions and deliver on them. In this respect, there is very little difference, in practice, between the hardliners and the “moderates”.

So, while the US refuses to take on board meaning targets, Europe has historically done so, without, however, even or ever trying to deliver the goods. The necessary corollary is that the developing world must continue to commit itself only to voluntary actions — whether scrutinized by the international community or not. We shall return to this aspect later.

Underlying this unbending position are a few fundamental propositions that remain non-negotiable — those of historical responsibility and equity. The developed world cannot get away from the cold fact, no pun intended, that global warming or climate change more generally is being and has been caused preponderantly by greenhouse gases that have been sent up by the developed countries over the past two centuries, most of which still remain in the atmosphere. They must, therefore, cut their emissions to cede “emissions space” to developing countries.

The principle of equity is so obviously interrelated that there is hardly any need to expound it in any great detail. Nevertheless, briefly, the developing world has the right to develop and must do so if poverty has to be tackled as a global problem. In theory, the developing world acknowledges that with its “Make Poverty History” campaign and its stated commitment to the UN Millennium Development Goals. It must put its money where its mouth is.

Does all this mean that the developing world must follow the energy-inefficient, carbon-heavy and environmentally unsustainable paths of growth and development that the developed world has historically followed? In other words, must the developing world pay no heed to the gigantic problem of climate change? The answer must surely be “no”. That is where the Bali Action Plan comes into play.

The program envisaged under the Bali plan remains, unfortunately, a dead letter. The developed countries were supposed to transfer green technologies and funds to developing nations, especially the poorer ones, to forge “green” growth paths. That has not happened. Transfer of technologies has run up against the issue of privately held intellectual property rights and royalties that the governments of the rich nations will not help address.

The transfer of funds, too, is stalled. While the US along with some other countries, refuses to take the Bali Action Plan seriously, many European nations have reneged on promises, without getting into too many details, by packaging old aid programs as new climate change-related transfers.

Given such a situation, it is hardly surprising that the developed world in its entirety, but led by the US and the other usual suspects, are now arguing that all unresolved issues, meaning essentially the Kyoto Protocol itself, should be junked and all further negotiations should proceed on a new basis, which will mean that all countries will be on the same footing as far as emission targets are concerned.

The US’s chief negotiator has been blunt. At a closed-door meeting in Doha, according to media reports, he said that the notions of equity and historical responsibility cannot be sustained and that his country will not sign up to deeper cuts as envisaged in the Kyoto Protocol, because they cannot be sold to domestic constituencies. He has, thus, in essence, revisited what former US president George H. W. Bush had said at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 — the American way of life is not up for negotiation.

If this, indeed, is the case, then the charade of annual negotiations may as well be jettisoned. First, if the US refuses to undertake stringent cuts, action on climate change will be meaningless. Second, if the developed world will not discharge its obligations there is no reason for developing countries to sign up to anything. In a sense, the US negotiator is right. Given geopolitical realities and those of international and national political economies, no significant action on climate change is really possible. That might sound pessimistic, but, unfortunately, given also the trajectory of human civilization, it is possibly true.

Since the developed countries have closed ranks, it is absolutely imperative that developing countries do the same. What is possible is a grouping within the global South that attempts to multilaterally negotiate what is best for itself. It’s not going to be easy because such a solution will offer the coldest comforts to the most vulnerable, for instance, island nations or nations like Bangladesh that have historically been susceptible to natural disasters in any case.

The author is a senior journalist and independent research scholar based in India.

 
Hot Topics
Scholars from Beijing and Moscow called for emerging economies to make their voice heard more at the G20 summit, as they exchanged views in a telephone conversation.
...
...
久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    欧美激情自拍偷拍| 亚洲一区二区三区中文字幕在线| 国产91在线|亚洲| 国产精品国产三级国产普通话三级 | 国产精品香蕉一区二区三区| 国产精品美女久久久久高潮| 91视频免费看| 日韩专区中文字幕一区二区| 欧美精品一区二区三区在线播放| 不卡电影一区二区三区| 亚洲国产视频网站| 精品久久久三级丝袜| 成人av在线资源| 亚洲成a人v欧美综合天堂 | 国产精品三级久久久久三级| 色视频欧美一区二区三区| 人人狠狠综合久久亚洲| 中文在线一区二区| 欧美视频在线一区二区三区| 精品无码三级在线观看视频| ...av二区三区久久精品| 7777精品伊人久久久大香线蕉经典版下载| 久久精品国产亚洲5555| 国产精品久久久久一区二区三区| 欧美日韩精品久久久| 国模大尺度一区二区三区| 亚洲日本在线天堂| 日韩女优av电影| 91亚洲精华国产精华精华液| 日本aⅴ精品一区二区三区| 中文无字幕一区二区三区| 欧美日韩精品一区二区三区| 国产精品一二三四| 香蕉乱码成人久久天堂爱免费| 国产午夜精品在线观看| 欧美三级乱人伦电影| 国产一区二区成人久久免费影院| 一区二区三区丝袜| 久久久国产午夜精品| 欧美日韩一区二区欧美激情 | 色综合激情五月| 国产在线不卡一卡二卡三卡四卡| 亚洲激情五月婷婷| 精品久久久网站| 欧美日韩国产一二三| 成人动漫一区二区在线| 日本一道高清亚洲日美韩| 自拍av一区二区三区| 欧美不卡激情三级在线观看| 欧美丝袜第三区| 成人av网站在线观看| 精品制服美女丁香| 亚洲国产精品影院| ㊣最新国产の精品bt伙计久久| 欧美一二三在线| 欧美影院一区二区三区| 成人免费va视频| 精品一二三四在线| 天堂va蜜桃一区二区三区 | 久久成人免费电影| 亚洲成a人片综合在线| 1024亚洲合集| 国产视频一区二区三区在线观看| 欧美一级高清片| 欧美在线999| 91麻豆精品在线观看| 国产成人免费网站| 麻豆高清免费国产一区| 午夜视频一区二区| 成人av在线播放网址| 久久精品噜噜噜成人88aⅴ| 亚洲国产美国国产综合一区二区| 亚洲色图欧美激情| 国产精品天天看| 久久久久久久久久久久久女国产乱| 6080国产精品一区二区| 色综合色狠狠天天综合色| 国产·精品毛片| 国产精品自拍三区| 黄色小说综合网站| 久久超碰97人人做人人爱| 日韩精品免费视频人成| 亚洲福利视频三区| 亚洲永久免费av| 亚洲精品欧美二区三区中文字幕| 国产精品久久久久久久久快鸭| 国产人成亚洲第一网站在线播放 | 日韩免费高清av| 欧美一区二区三区视频| 欧美人妇做爰xxxⅹ性高电影 | 国产精品午夜春色av| 久久九九久久九九| 久久精品亚洲乱码伦伦中文| www国产亚洲精品久久麻豆| 日韩欧美一区二区免费| 日韩午夜精品电影| 欧美成人激情免费网| 精品国免费一区二区三区| 精品日韩欧美在线| 精品免费国产二区三区| 久久尤物电影视频在线观看| 欧美精品一区二区精品网| 久久综合九色综合久久久精品综合| 精品黑人一区二区三区久久| 2021久久国产精品不只是精品| 26uuu另类欧美| 久久久综合激的五月天| 欧美国产亚洲另类动漫| 亚洲欧洲日韩综合一区二区| 成人免费一区二区三区在线观看| 自拍偷拍国产亚洲| 亚洲一区二区三区四区五区中文 | 一区二区三区电影在线播| 亚洲午夜激情网页| 午夜激情综合网| 蜜桃久久久久久| 国产一区二区在线观看视频| 国产成人一区二区精品非洲| 99久久免费视频.com| 欧美在线视频日韩| 91精品国产综合久久久久久漫画| 精品福利一区二区三区| 国产欧美精品区一区二区三区 | 欧美日韩国产a| 日韩精品中文字幕在线一区| 久久久久久电影| 中文字幕一区二区5566日韩| 亚洲一区二区三区在线播放| 日韩制服丝袜av| 国产麻豆精品theporn| av午夜一区麻豆| 欧美午夜精品一区二区三区| 日韩欧美在线观看一区二区三区| 久久久久久免费毛片精品| 中文字幕一区二区三区在线播放 | 日韩av中文字幕一区二区| 国产在线一区二区综合免费视频| 成人黄色软件下载| 欧美日免费三级在线| 精品毛片乱码1区2区3区| 中文字幕中文在线不卡住| 午夜精品在线视频一区| 国产剧情在线观看一区二区| 色先锋aa成人| 日韩久久精品一区| 成人欧美一区二区三区1314 | 国产精品主播直播| 91麻豆免费在线观看| 欧美一卡2卡3卡4卡| 中日韩av电影| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添精品视频 | 亚洲第一福利一区| 九九九久久久精品| 99久久er热在这里只有精品66| 欧美精品一级二级| 国产女主播一区| 日韩精品一二三| av在线播放不卡| 欧美电影免费观看高清完整版在线| 国产精品麻豆99久久久久久| 婷婷综合五月天| 成人综合在线网站| 欧美精品在线视频| 国产精品久久久久影院| 免费成人在线观看| 91丨九色丨蝌蚪富婆spa| 日韩一级二级三级精品视频| 综合欧美亚洲日本| 久久机这里只有精品| 欧美中文字幕亚洲一区二区va在线| 久久国产麻豆精品| 99视频精品免费视频| 欧美v亚洲v综合ⅴ国产v| 一区二区三区精品久久久| 国产一二三精品| 7777精品伊人久久久大香线蕉的| 久久免费看少妇高潮| 亚洲第一成年网| 91性感美女视频| 久久精品视频免费| 丝袜亚洲精品中文字幕一区| 9i看片成人免费高清| 久久青草欧美一区二区三区| 亚洲h精品动漫在线观看| 9i看片成人免费高清| 久久网站热最新地址| 日日夜夜精品视频天天综合网| 91丨九色丨蝌蚪丨老版| 国产亚洲女人久久久久毛片| 日本不卡高清视频| 精品视频色一区| 亚洲欧美激情一区二区| 国产91对白在线观看九色| 欧美mv日韩mv国产| 午夜精品久久久久久不卡8050| 91日韩在线专区| 国产精品五月天| 国产夫妻精品视频| 精品久久一二三区| 日韩电影一区二区三区|