三資企業(中外合資、中外合作、外商獨資) overseas-invested enterprises; foreign-invested enterprises (Chinese-overseas equity joint ventures, Chinese-overseas contractual joint ventures, wholly foreign- owned enterprises)

存款保證金 guaranty money for deposits

貨幣回籠 withdrawal of currency from circulation

吸收游資 absorb idle fund

商業貸款 commercial lending

經營支出 operating expenses

再貸款 re-lending; subloan

支持國有大型企業和高新技術企業上市融資 support large State-owned enterprises and high and innovative technology companies in their efforts to seek financing by listing on the stock market

改制上市 An enterprise is re-organized according to modern corporate system so that it will get listed on the stock market.

進一步規范和發展證券市場 further standardize and develop the securities market

增加直接融資比重 increase the proportion of direct financing

完善股票發行上市制度 improve the system for IPO and listing on stock markets

中國證監會 China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)

深圳證券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange

上海證券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange

綜合指數 composite index

納斯達克(高技術企業板) NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation)

主板市場 the main board

通貨緊縮 deflation

中國現代化建設分三步走的戰略the three-step development strategy of China's modernization drive

第一步，到1990年國民生產總值比1980年翻一番 Step One： GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.

第二步，到2000年人均國民生產總值比1980年翻兩番，人民生活達到小康水平 Step Two： GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980; people live a fairly comfortable life.

第三步，到21世紀中期建國100周年時，達到中等發達國家水平 Step Three： By the year 2049, the 100th anniversary of the P.R.C., China's level of development is expected to be on par with the mid-ranking developed countries

與世界經濟的聯系將更加緊密 be more closely linked to the world economy

中國巨大的市場潛力將逐步轉化為現實的購買力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.

適應市場經濟需要的法律法規體系還不夠健全 The regulatory and legal system is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.

經濟管理體制可能會出現一些不適應 The economic management system may not be readily adapted to the changes.

一些行業和企業可能會受到沖擊 Some sectors of economy and some businesses may be adversely affected.

立足中國國情，發揮自身優勢 proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play

揚長避短，趨利避害，迎接經濟全球化的挑戰 foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization

瓶頸制約 bottleneck constraints

放權讓利 decentralization and interest concessions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)

深化改革 intensify reform; deepen one's commitment to reform

配套改革 supporting (concomitant) reforms

配套資金 counterpart funds; local funding of

提高經濟效益 improve economic performance; increase economic returns

講求社會效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect

加速國民經濟信息化 develop information-based economy, accelerate IT application in economy

拉動經濟增長 fuel economic growth

利改稅 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

費改稅 transform administrative fees into taxes

債轉股 debt-to-equity swap

頭寸寬裕(頭寸緊缺) in an easy position (tight position)

朝陽產業 sunrise industry

招標投標制 the system of public bidding for project

充分發揮貨幣政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy

實施積極的財政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy

向銀行增發國債，擴大投資 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.

再注資 recapitalization

放松銀根 to ease monetary policy

信息經濟 IT economy

外向型經濟 export-oriented economy

信息時代 information age

全球化 globalization (全球性globality)

信譽風險 reputational risk

風險評級 risk rating

到期不還貸 default on a loan

資不抵債 insolvency; be insolvent

亞洲金融危機 Asian financial crisis (1997-98)

投資(貸款)組合 investment (loan) portfolio

外匯儲備充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves

中國金融業問題 problems with financial sector in China

儲蓄比例過高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply

國有企業產負債率過高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises,

國有獨資商業銀行不良資產比例過高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks

少數中小存款金融機構不能支付到期債務 insolvency of a handful of small and medium-sized financial institutions

不良貸款 non-performing loans

防范和化解金融風險 address financial risks

提高企業借貸和行使民事責任的能力 improve enterprises' creditworthiness and ability to fulfil their civil liabilities

監事會 supervisory board

實行謹慎會計制度 adopt prudential accounting standards

五級分類法劃分貸款質量 the five-category asset classification approach

金融資產管理公司 financial asset management companies

分離和收回不良資產 substantially reduce the ratio of non-performing assets

分業管理、規模經營 business segregation, economy of scale

規范金融機構市場退出制度 improve the market exit mechanism for financial institutions

政策性銀行 state policy-related bank

國家發展銀行 State Development Bank

知識經濟 knowledge-based economy

網絡經濟 Internet-based networked economy

指導性計劃 guidance plan

社會主義市場經濟(中國) socialist market economy

社會市場經濟(德國) social market economy

新經濟(美國) new economy

中國光大銀行 Everbright Bank of China

中國民聲銀行 China Minsheng Banking Corporation Ltd.

中信實業銀行 CITIC Industrial Bank

中國進出口銀行 China EXIM Bank

匯豐銀行 Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HKSBC)

金融監管 financial supervision

中國人民銀行法 Law of the People's Bank of China

商業銀行法 Law of Commercial Banks

（中國日報網英語點津 Helen 編輯）