調(diào)查：工程學(xué)和化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)就業(yè)最佳

Students wishing to safeguard their careers against changes in the job market should opt for science rather than arts degrees, according to a survey of undergraduates.

一項(xiàng)對(duì)本科生的調(diào)查顯示，希望降低就業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的學(xué)生最好選擇讀理科專(zhuān)業(yè)而非文科專(zhuān)業(yè)。

Engineering and chemistry were considered to be the most ‘future proof’, as they are courses most likely to lead to an enduring and adaptable career.

工程學(xué)和化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生最有可能找到一份穩(wěn)定又容易適應(yīng)的職業(yè)，這兩種專(zhuān)業(yè)被認(rèn)為是未來(lái)就業(yè)的最佳保證。

Students polled by a college were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses would prepare them for a world in which the job market could change dramatically during their working lives.

這項(xiàng)由皮爾森學(xué)院（Pearson College）展開(kāi)的調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)受訪(fǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)持樂(lè)觀(guān)態(tài)度，認(rèn)為能順應(yīng)未來(lái)變幻莫測(cè)的人才市場(chǎng)。

But opinion was sharply divided over which degrees were best for future-proof careers.

但哪些專(zhuān)業(yè)才是未來(lái)職業(yè)生涯的最佳保證？學(xué)生各有觀(guān)點(diǎn)。

Eighty-two per cent of respondents believed engineering would help develop future-proof skills, with 74 per cent believing the same of chemistry and 73 per cent of computer science.

82%的受訪(fǎng)者相信工程學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)有助于培養(yǎng)能抵御未來(lái)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)變化的“萬(wàn)金油”技能，74%和73%的受訪(fǎng)者分別認(rèn)為化學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)和計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)可以培養(yǎng)出“萬(wàn)金油”技能。

But just 33 per cent of undergraduates believed history would lead to a future-proof career, and 40 per cent English.

只有33%的大學(xué)生相信歷史專(zhuān)業(yè)能保證未來(lái)就業(yè)，而40%的大學(xué)生選擇英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)。

However more than two thirds of students - 67 per cent - thought the world of work would be significantly different or completely unrecognisable in 20 years.

另外，67%（超過(guò)三分之二）的學(xué)生認(rèn)為20年后全球的工作環(huán)境將發(fā)生翻天覆地的變化。

The findings, published today, come after Education Secretary Nicky Morgan sparked controversy with claims that teenagers should steer clear of the arts and humanities and opt for science or maths subjects if they want to access the widest range of jobs.

這項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果發(fā)布不久前，英國(guó)教育部長(zhǎng)尼基·摩根（Nicky Morgan）在2014年11月發(fā)表言論稱(chēng)，青少年如果未來(lái)想增加就業(yè)受聘機(jī)會(huì)，那么應(yīng)該避開(kāi)藝術(shù)和人文專(zhuān)業(yè)而選擇科學(xué)或數(shù)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)。這一言論引發(fā)諸多爭(zhēng)議。

She said that in previous decades students would only take maths or science if they wanted to pursue a specific career such as medicine or pharmacy, but nowadays that ‘couldn’t be further from the truth’.

她說(shuō)，在過(guò)去幾十年，只有想從事像醫(yī)學(xué)或藥劑學(xué)這種特定的職業(yè)的學(xué)生才會(huì)去選擇數(shù)學(xué)或科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)，現(xiàn)如今這種想法已經(jīng)“嚴(yán)重和現(xiàn)實(shí)脫節(jié)”。

‘If you wanted to do something different, or even if you didn’t know what you wanted to do…then the arts and humanities were what you chose. Because they were useful – we were told – for all kinds of jobs. Of course now we know that couldn’t be further from the truth, that the subjects that keep young people’s options open and unlock doors to all sorts of careers are the STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects.’

“如果你想做點(diǎn)其他的工作，或者還不知道自己想做什么，那么你就會(huì)去選藝術(shù)或人文學(xué)科，因?yàn)榇蠹叶颊f(shuō)它們很有用——行行都受用。但現(xiàn)在我們知道，這種說(shuō)法根本不符合事實(shí)：能靈活選擇未來(lái)職業(yè)、行行都吃香的專(zhuān)業(yè)變成自然科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)等理工專(zhuān)業(yè)?！?/p>

She also described maths as ‘the subject that employers value most’ and said that pupils who study A-level maths will earn 10 per cent more over their lifetime.

她同時(shí)也認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)是“雇主最看重的專(zhuān)業(yè)”。學(xué)生如果通過(guò)高深級(jí)（英國(guó)中等教育高級(jí)水平課程）數(shù)學(xué)考試，一輩子能多掙10%的薪水。

‘These figures show us that too many young people are making choices aged 15 which will hold them back for the rest of their lives,’ she said.

“這些數(shù)字告訴我們，有太多年輕人在15歲就做出了會(huì)阻礙自己一生發(fā)展的決定。”