[朝日新聞記者]

您好。今年是戰后70周年，我想了解總理的歷史觀。另外到日本的中國游客現在有所增加，在日本購買很多東西，但是到中國的日本游客比以前減少，日本的對華投資也減少，您怎么分析這種現象？如何看待中國在70周年的紀念活動，包括大閱兵給日本國民的對華感情帶來的影響？謝謝。

Q: I am with Asahi Shimbun News. This year marks the 70 anniversary of the end of WWII. I'd like to ask your outlook on history, Mr Premier.

We've also seen more Chinese tourists have traveled to Japan and bought a lot of things there, but at the same time the numbers of Japanese tourists visiting China as well as Japanese investment in China have both been on the decline.

How do you see such a situation and how do you view the possible impact of China's planed commemoration activities including the military parade on the sentiments of the Japanese people?

[李克強]

今年是中國人民抗日戰爭和世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70周年，不僅中國，世界上許多國家都要開展多種形式的紀念活動，目的是要牢記這一慘痛的歷史悲劇，不能讓歷史再重演，要維護二戰勝利成果和戰后國際秩序及一系列國際法，以維護人類持久和平。

A: This year marks the 70th anniversary of victory of the Chinese people's resistance against Japanese aggression and the world anti-fascist war.

Not only China but also many countries in the world have planned to hold diverse forms of commemoration activities. The purpose of these activities is to firmly bear in mind that the lessons gained from the past and ensure that that kind of history will never repeat itself. The purpose is to uphold the outcomes of the World War II and the post-war international order and international laws to maintain enduring peace of mankind.

當前，中日關系的確比較困難，根子還是在于對那場戰爭、對歷史的認識和能否始終保持正確的認識。堅持正確的歷史觀，就是要以史為鑒、面向未來。對于一個國家的領導人來說，不僅要繼承前人所創造的成就，也應該擔負起前人罪行所帶來的歷史責任。當年，日本軍國主義強加給中國人民的那場侵略戰爭，給我們帶來了巨大的災難，最終日本民眾也是受害者。在今年這樣一個重要的時刻，我認為對中日關系既是檢驗，也是機遇。如果日本領導人正視歷史，并且保持一貫，改善和發展中日關系就有新的契機，也自然會給中日經貿關系的發展創造良好的條件。謝謝！

It's true that the current China-Japan relationship is in difficulty. The root of the problem is how that war and that part of the history are viewed. One needs to hold the right outlook on history and that means one needs to take history as mirror and at the same time look to the future.

For leaders of a country, while inheriting the historical achievements made by their forefathers, also need to show the historical responsibilities for crimes made in the past. The war of aggression imposed on the Chinese people by the Japanese militaries brought untold sufferings and the average people in Japan were also victims of that war. At such a critical moment this year, there is both a test and an opportunity for China-Japan relationship.

If leaders of Japan can face history squarely and maintain consistency in how they view that part of history, there will be opportunities for improvement and further growth of China-Japan relations. It will also create favorable conditions for the growth of business relationship between the two countries. Thank you. 

[新華社、新華網和新華社發布客戶端記者]

總理，您好。去年以來銀行不良貸款在持續攀升，影子銀行風險事件時有發生，同時一些地方陸續出現了還債高峰。一方面我們經濟下行的壓力在加大，另一方面金融風險也在累積。請問您對此怎么看？謝謝。

Q: I am with Xinhua News Agency. Since the beginning of last year, the banks of NPL ratio has been increasing, and cases of financial risk of shadow banking have occurred from time to time.

And soon many local governments need to have a lot of debt being paid. As the downward pressure on Chinese economy grows, how do you see these building up of financial risks?

[李克強]

剛才同時站起來兩個人，你說了自己有兩個頭銜，也提了兩個以上的問題，集中是在金融風險上。中國的確存在著個案性的金融風險，但是我們完全可以守住不發生系統性、區域性金融風險。

A: I think our financial risks are at the center of the questions you just raised. It's true that there have been individual cases of financial risks in China. But at the same time, we are fully capable of avoiding systemic and regional risks.

這是因為中國的經濟還處于合理區間，而且我們的儲蓄率比較高，地方政府性債務70%以上是投資性的，是有收益的，而且我們也正在規范債務平臺，堵后門、開正門。就銀行來說，資本充足率較高，撥備覆蓋面也較廣。雖然不良貸款也略有上升，但是在世界上仍處于比較低的水平。

Chinese economy continues to operate within the proper range, and there is a very high saving rate in China. Moreover, 70 percent of local governments' debts are in the form of investment, which supposes to have a quite good prospect for yielding returns. And we are also regulating these local governments financing vehicles to insure that we will keep the front doors open and at the same time to block those back doors.

At the same time, Chinese banks have very high capital adequacy ratio and ample previsions. It's true that there is non-performing alarm and the NPL ratio has picked up somewhat. But still the ratio of NPL in China is quite low internationally.

這里我要表明，我們允許個案性金融風險的發生，按市場化的原則進行清算，這是為了防止道德風險，也增強人們的風險意識。今年，我們就要出臺存款保險制度，而且要進一步發展多層次的資本市場，降低企業的資金杠桿率，也可以使金融更好地為實體經濟服務。謝謝！

Individual financial cases of financial cases will be allowed with the encourage practices of balancing one's book in the market based way. We need to guard against moral hazard and raise the people's awareness of these financial risks.

This year, we are going to introduce this deposit insurance system and continue to develop multi-tiered capital markets and lower the companies leverage ratio. All these efforts will help insure the financial services can better serve the real economy.