“彈性學(xué)制”和“休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)”

9日下午，教育部副部長(zhǎng)林蕙青透露，關(guān)于社會(huì)廣泛關(guān)注的大學(xué)生休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)，教育部今年將正式發(fā)布新修訂的《普通高等學(xué)校學(xué)生管理規(guī)定》，對(duì)彈性學(xué)制和休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)等作出明確規(guī)定。

另?yè)?jù)了解，國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳2015年印發(fā)的《關(guān)于深化高等學(xué)校創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育改革的實(shí)施意見(jiàn)》已明確提出：“實(shí)施彈性學(xué)制，放寬學(xué)生修業(yè)年限，允許調(diào)整學(xué)業(yè)進(jìn)程、保留學(xué)籍休學(xué)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)”。

休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)

關(guān)于休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)，全國(guó)政協(xié)委員、新東方創(chuàng)始人/CEO俞敏洪去年曾這樣說(shuō)：

"Students are allowed to suspend their courses to do business. I think that's good, but we must treat it rationally. As an angel investor, I'm invited to view graduates' startup projects every day. Speaking frankly, 95 percent of them are not innovative, just copycats, but that's normal, even in the United States. I think we should move forward by identifying really innovative projects and then supporting them with preferential policies".
現(xiàn)在允許學(xué)生休學(xué)創(chuàng)業(yè)，這是好事，但我們應(yīng)該采取理性的態(tài)度。我現(xiàn)在搞天使投資，每天接觸的大學(xué)生項(xiàng)目非常多，坦率地說(shuō)，95%是沒(méi)有創(chuàng)新的。但這是正常現(xiàn)象，就算在美國(guó)，100個(gè)公司里也沒(méi)有多少公司有創(chuàng)新能力，其余的都是模仿拷貝。我們應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步挑選出真正的創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目，用優(yōu)惠政策給予支持。

彈性學(xué)制

所謂彈性學(xué)制，狹義的定義是指學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容有一定的選擇性，學(xué)習(xí)年限有一定的伸縮性的學(xué)校教育教學(xué)模式。它是在學(xué)分制的基礎(chǔ)上演進(jìn)而至，是學(xué)分制的另類(lèi)發(fā)展和表現(xiàn)。

間隔年” gap year

說(shuō)到彈性學(xué)制，很多人會(huì)想到國(guó)外的“間隔年”（gap year）。

Gap year is an English expression (also known as drop year, deferred year, bridging year, etc) referring to a period of time - not necessarily a year in which students take time off and do something other than schooling, such as travel or work. The year out is most commonly taken after secondary school and before starting university. However, over recent years there has been an increase in 21-23 year olds taking a year out after completing their degree.
Gap year（空檔年）是一個(gè)英國(guó)詞兒，指學(xué)生離開(kāi)學(xué)校一段時(shí)間，經(jīng)歷一些學(xué)習(xí)以外的事情，比如外出旅行或者工作。當(dāng)然，這段時(shí)間不一定非得是一年。空檔年一般選在離開(kāi)中學(xué)進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前。不過(guò)，近幾年越來(lái)越多21到23歲、已經(jīng)獲得學(xué)位的年輕人也開(kāi)始給自己一個(gè)空檔年。

The practice of taking a deferred year developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960s. During this time, a student might travel, engage in volunteer work overseas or undertake a working holiday abroad.
空檔年這種做法于二十世紀(jì)六十年代興起于英國(guó)。在空檔年期間，學(xué)生可以旅行、參與海外義工活動(dòng)或者到國(guó)外打工度假。

A year out has grown very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. A trend for year out is to participate in international education programs that combine language study, homestays, cultural immersion, community service, and independent study.
如今，空檔年在英國(guó)、澳大利亞、新西蘭以及加拿大的學(xué)生當(dāng)中都已非常流行。新近的趨勢(shì)是在空檔年期間參與國(guó)際教育項(xiàng)目，其中包括語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)、住家、文化滲透、社區(qū)服務(wù)以及獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)等。

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 yaning）