研究：跑馬拉松傷腎

最近幾年，跑馬拉松成了一項(xiàng)時(shí)髦的運(yùn)動。但并非人人適合如此挑戰(zhàn)極限。《美國腎病雜志》顯示，跑馬拉松可能會對腎產(chǎn)生損害。研究人員說，跑馬拉松時(shí)，人的“核心溫度”可能飆升，加上身體缺水、到腎臟的血液減少，令腎臟無法過濾血液中的廢物。這種損傷通常只會持續(xù)兩天，卻有可能導(dǎo)致腎衰竭。

Marathons can be bad for your health, scientists have warned after a study found 80 percent of competitors suffer kidney injury because of dehydration.
科學(xué)家警告稱，馬拉松可能會對人體產(chǎn)生危害。他們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，由于缺水，百分之八十的馬拉松比賽選手都患有腎功能損傷。

Researchers said that although the kidneys of the participants in the 26.2 mile race fully recovered within two days, their findings raise questions concerning the potential long-term impact at a time when marathons are increasing in popularity.
研究人員稱，盡管參賽者跑完26.2英里（42公里）后，他們的腎臟兩天內(nèi)就能完全恢復(fù)正常，但如今馬拉松比賽日漸流行，研究結(jié)果引起了人們對于馬拉松長期潛在影響的擔(dān)憂。

The findings were published by the American Journal of Kidney Diseases, as thousands of people prepare for next month's London Marathon.
《美國腎病雜志》刊登了這項(xiàng)研究成果。與此同時(shí)，上千人正摩拳擦掌，為下個(gè)月的倫敦馬拉松賽做準(zhǔn)備。

Previous research has shown that engaging in unusually vigorous activities - such as military training - in warm climates can damage the kidneys, but little is known about the effects of marathon running.
先前的研究表明，在氣候溫暖時(shí)參加過于劇烈的活動，如軍事訓(xùn)練，會損害人的腎臟。但人們對馬拉松所造成的影響則知之甚少。

A team of researchers led by Professor Chirag Parikh, of Yale University in the US, studied a small group of participants in the 2015 Hartford Marathon.
由美國耶魯大學(xué)教授齊拉格?帕里克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組對2015年哈特福德馬拉松賽部分參賽者進(jìn)行了測試。

They collected blood and urine samples before and after the event. They analysed a variety of markers of kidney injury, including serum creatinine levels, kidney cells on microscopy, and proteins in urine.
在比賽前后，他們分別收集了受試者的血樣和尿樣。他們檢測了各種腎臟損傷標(biāo)志物，包括血清肌酐水平，顯微鏡下的腎細(xì)胞和尿液中的蛋白質(zhì)。

The researchers found that 82 percent of the runners that were studied showed Stage 1 Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) soon after the race. AKI is a condition in which the kidneys fail to filter waste from the blood.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，82％的受試者在比賽結(jié)束后不久就顯示出了第一階段急性腎損傷（AKI）的癥狀，也就是說，腎臟無法從血液中過濾廢物。

Prof Parikh said: "The kidney responds to the physical stress of marathon running as if it's injured, in a way that's similar to what happens in hospitalised patients when the kidney is affected by medical and surgical complications."
帕里克教授說：“馬拉松會對參賽者的身體造成巨大負(fù)擔(dān)，腎臟會因此做出反應(yīng)，如同受傷一樣，他們的腎臟狀況與受到藥物影響和產(chǎn)生手術(shù)并發(fā)癥時(shí)的狀況相似。”

The researchers stated that potential causes of the marathon-related kidney damage could be the sustained rise in core body temperature, dehydration, or decreased blood flow to the kidneys that occur during a marathon.
研究人員指出，馬拉松造成腎損傷的潛在原因可能是，核心體溫的持續(xù)升高，缺水以及比賽過程中流經(jīng)腎臟的血液減少。

While the measured kidney injury resolved within two days of running the marathon, the researchers said the study still raises questions about the effects of repeated strenuous activity over time, especially in warm climates.
盡管馬拉松造成的腎損傷可在兩天內(nèi)痊愈，但研究人員稱，這項(xiàng)研究對重復(fù)的過于劇烈的長時(shí)間運(yùn)動，尤其是在天氣溫暖時(shí)劇烈運(yùn)動，對人體造成的影響提出了疑問。

Prof Parikh added: "We need to investigate this further. "Research has shown there are also changes in heart function associated with marathon running.
帕里克教授補(bǔ)充說：“我們需要進(jìn)一步研究。”已有研究顯示，馬拉松還會導(dǎo)致人的心臟功能產(chǎn)生一些變化。

"Our study adds to the story - even the kidney responds to marathon-related stress."
“我們的研究對此做了補(bǔ)充 — 連腎臟都會因馬拉松造成的身體負(fù)擔(dān)產(chǎn)生變化。”

英文來源：每日電訊報(bào)
翻譯：王雪薇（中國日報(bào)網(wǎng)愛新聞iNews譯者）
編審：yaning