牛糞時(shí)裝：荷蘭設(shè)計(jì)師將牛糞改造成時(shí)裝

很多人身上的化纖衣服都是石油做成的，那么牛糞做成的衣服你穿過(guò)嗎？你的第一反應(yīng)可能是這種衣服會(huì)不會(huì)臭不可聞。放心，就像化纖衣服上聞不到石油的味道，牛糞時(shí)裝也不會(huì)保留那種臭烘烘的原始味道。一起來(lái)了解一下吧！

With cattle breeding at an all time high, manure has become one of the world’s greatest environmental hazards, but one Dutch artist is using chemistry to turn into something that is both eco-friendly and valuable. Her innovative technique turns manure into a variety of useful materials like clothing fabric, bio-degradable plastic and paper.
因?yàn)槿蛐笈Ａ恳恢北３衷诤芨咚剑耘＜S已經(jīng)成為了世界幾大環(huán)境公害之一。但現(xiàn)在，荷蘭一位設(shè)計(jì)師正在運(yùn)用化學(xué)原理將牛糞轉(zhuǎn)化成對(duì)環(huán)境無(wú)害的有用之物，例如服裝面料、生物可降解塑料以及紙張。

In recent years, scientists around the world have made great progress in their attempts to recycle cattle manure, including turning it into natural fertilizer and biogas, but Eindhoven designer Jalila Essa?di didn’t think they were efficient enough to solve the global manure surplus problem. So she started on her very own solution, one that approached animal waste as a valuable material that could be processed into useful products. The results of her work prove that manure really is worth its weight in gold.
最近幾年，全球各地的科學(xué)家都在牛糞回收問(wèn)題上獲得了不錯(cuò)的成果，比如把牛糞轉(zhuǎn)化成天然肥料和沼氣。然而，荷蘭埃因霍溫市的設(shè)計(jì)師賈麗拉?埃塞迪并不認(rèn)為這些手段足以解決全球牛糞過(guò)量問(wèn)題。因此，她開(kāi)始自己研究解決方法，希望能讓動(dòng)物糞便變成可再利用的產(chǎn)品原料。賈麗拉的研究結(jié)果表明，糞便的確有利用價(jià)值。

Working in her BioArtLab, Jalila Essa?di discovered that cow manure provided both the base for a new, bio-degradable material and the chemicals required to produce it. She started by separating the waste, with the dry manure used to extract pure cellulose from the grass that cows eat. From the wet manure, she extracted acids used to create cellulose acetate, a natural liquid plastic. This was used to make fibers, which are later turned into fabric or bio-plastics, but it can also be freeze-dried to create an aerogel.
在她的生物藝術(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，賈麗拉?埃塞迪發(fā)現(xiàn)牛糞可以為一種新的、生物可降解物質(zhì)提供主要成分和化學(xué)原料。她從分離糞便開(kāi)始，將干糞中的純纖維素提取出來(lái)，這些纖維素來(lái)自牛所吃的草。她還從新鮮的糞便中提取出用于制作醋酸纖維素這一天然液體塑料的酸類物質(zhì)。醋酸纖維素可以用來(lái)制作纖維，纖維又是生成布料和生物塑料的原料。醋酸纖維素還可以通過(guò)冷凍干燥生成氣凝膠。

The new material was named Mestic, from mest, the Dutch word for manure. Essa?di claims that it has the same properties as plastic derived from fossil fuels, but is bio-degradable. Better yet, the degradability can be tweaked in the lab, making it possible to create materials that last for different periods of time depending on their purpose.
這種新物質(zhì)被命名為Mestic，因?yàn)楹商m語(yǔ)中的糞便一詞寫(xiě)作mest。埃塞迪解釋道，它的原理與石油衍生物塑料一樣，不同的是新物質(zhì)是生物可降解的。更好的是，這種可降解性通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)室處理可以改變，從而使原料的降解屬性根據(jù)不同目的做出不同調(diào)整。

“This is not the first time that scientists are looking for ways to solve the manure problem, but it is the first time that manure is being considered as a valuable resource,” the Dutch designer said.
這位荷蘭設(shè)計(jì)師說(shuō)：“這并不是科學(xué)家第一次致力于尋找解決糞便問(wèn)題的途徑，但把糞便當(dāng)做是有利用價(jià)值的資源，這確實(shí)是第一次。”

Last year, Jalila Essa?di partnered with the municipality of Eindhoven to produce a fashion show using Mestic-based fabrics. Her Mestic couture collection was so impressive that clothing giant H&M awarded her the Global Change Award and a $1 million prize. And just in case you’re wondering, no, manure-derived clothes don’t stink.
去年，賈麗拉?埃塞迪同埃因霍溫市市政局聯(lián)合主辦了一場(chǎng)時(shí)裝展，展示由Mestic制成的衣料。賈麗拉的糞便時(shí)裝展引起了巨大轟動(dòng)，服裝界巨商H&M因此頒發(fā)給了賈麗拉“全球改變獎(jiǎng)”和100萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金。關(guān)于這種時(shí)裝是否有惡臭的問(wèn)題，大家也無(wú)需擔(dān)憂，糞便時(shí)裝完全沒(méi)有臭味。

Essa?di now plans to increase Mestic production and work on making it usable in 3D printing, but that requires a bit more research to tweak its melting temperature. She also intends to use the material to build a bridge in her home city of Eindhoven to further showcase the versatility of this innovative invention.
埃塞迪現(xiàn)在計(jì)劃擴(kuò)大Mestic的產(chǎn)量并嘗試把它運(yùn)用在3D打印上，但這需要在改變其融化溫度方面開(kāi)展更多研究。她還打算在家鄉(xiāng)埃因霍溫市用這種材料建一座橋來(lái)進(jìn)一步展示她的這一創(chuàng)造發(fā)現(xiàn)具有多種功能。

And cow manure is just the beginning of Jalila Essa?di’s experiments with animal waste. “After cows, we’ll tackle pigs and other animals,” she told Dezeen. “And after that? Who knows.”
牛糞僅僅是賈麗拉?埃塞迪對(duì)動(dòng)物糞便進(jìn)行研究的開(kāi)始。她告訴Dezeen（全球最具影響力的建筑設(shè)計(jì)博客網(wǎng)站）：“研究完牛糞之后，我們將研究豬糞和其他動(dòng)物的糞便。要說(shuō)這之后的計(jì)劃，誰(shuí)知道呢？”

英文來(lái)源：odditycentral
翻譯：王藝澄（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)愛(ài)新聞iNews譯者）
編審：丹妮