除了“推特治國(guó)”外，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普再次另辟蹊徑，開辟了“手機(jī)外交”。據(jù)美國(guó)官員爆料，特朗普近來沒少給他國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人留個(gè)人手機(jī)號(hào)，希望對(duì)方省去“繁文縟節(jié)”，直接給自己打電話。加拿大總理和墨西哥總統(tǒng)都收到了他的私人號(hào)碼。然而，特朗普此舉不僅不符合外交禮節(jié)，更引起美國(guó)安全部門和保密機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)憂。

Trump interacts with reporters as he welcomes Vietnam's Nguyen in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington reuters

特朗普：特魯多、馬克龍，有事兒call我！

President Donald Trump has been handing out his cellphone number to world leaders and urging them to call him directly, an unusual invitation that breaks diplomatic protocol and is raising concerns about the security and secrecy of the US commander in chief's communications.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普給世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人留手機(jī)號(hào)碼，讓他們直接給自己打電話，這種不同尋常的邀請(qǐng)打破了外交禮節(jié)，也讓人擔(dān)憂美國(guó)總統(tǒng)通訊的安全性和保密性。

Trump has urged leaders of Canada and Mexico to reach him on his cellphone, according to former and current US officials with direct knowledge of the practice. Of the two, only Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has taken advantage of the offer so far, the officials said.
據(jù)前任及現(xiàn)任美國(guó)政府知情官員稱，特朗普要求加拿大和墨西哥的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人打他的私人手機(jī)。他們稱，到目前為止，只有加拿大總理賈斯廷?特魯多將這一提議付諸行動(dòng)。

Trump waves next to Canadian PM Trudeau following family photo at the G7 Summit expanded session in Taormina reuters

Trump also exchanged numbers with French President Emmanuel Macron when the two spoke immediately following Macron's victory earlier last month, according to a French official, who would not comment on whether Macron intended to use the line.
據(jù)一位法國(guó)官員稱，上個(gè)月早些時(shí)候，埃曼努爾?馬克龍當(dāng)選法國(guó)總統(tǒng)后，特朗普立即與其通話，并交換了手機(jī)號(hào)碼。該官員拒絕評(píng)論馬克龍是否打算使用該號(hào)碼。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人們打私人電話，不行嗎？

The notion of world leaders calling each other up via cellphone may seem unremarkable in the modern, mobile world. But in the diplomatic arena, where leader-to-leader calls are highly orchestrated affairs, it is another notable breach of protocol for a president who has expressed distrust of official channels.
在現(xiàn)代移動(dòng)社會(huì)，世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人彼此撥打手機(jī)的想法似乎沒什么大驚小怪的。但是在外交舞臺(tái)上，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的通話是經(jīng)過精心安排的，這是對(duì)官方渠道不信任的特朗普又一次公然違反外交禮節(jié)。

Presidents' phone calls with world leaders often involve considerable advance planning. State Department and National Security Council officials typically prepare scripted talking points and background on the leader on the other end of the line. Often an informal transcript of the call is made and circulated among a select group - sometimes a small clutch of aides, sometimes a broader group of foreign policy officials. Those records are preserved and archived.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)與世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人通話前要進(jìn)行大量的前期安排。國(guó)務(wù)院和國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)官員通常會(huì)事先準(zhǔn)備談話要點(diǎn)，以及對(duì)方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的背景資料。通話過程會(huì)生成非正式文本并在選定的小組成員間傳閱，小組成員有時(shí)是幾個(gè)助手，有時(shí)還包含更多外交政策官員。這些記錄都會(huì)被保存歸檔。

The White House did not respond to questions on whether the president is keeping records of any less-formal calls with world leaders.
白宮沒有回應(yīng)特朗普是否保留了與世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人任意一通非正式通話的記錄。

Trump's White House is already facing scrutiny for apparent efforts to work outside usual diplomatic channels.
特朗普白宮團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)因?yàn)樵噲D通過正常外交渠道以外的方式工作而面臨審查。

The administration has been fending off questions about a senior aide's attempt to set up a secret back channel of communication with Moscow in the weeks before Trump took office. White House adviser Jared Kushner, Trump's son-in-law, met in December with Russia's ambassador to the US and discussed whether a secret line of communication could be used to facilitate sensitive policy discussions about the conflict in Syria, according to a person familiar with the talks.
在特朗普就職前幾周，他的一名高級(jí)助手試圖與莫斯科建立秘密溝通渠道，特朗普政府一直回避有關(guān)質(zhì)疑。據(jù)一位知情人士稱，白宮顧問賈瑞德?庫什納（特朗普的女婿）去年12月會(huì)見俄羅斯駐美大使，與其協(xié)商是否可以開通一條秘密通訊線路，以便于雙方就有關(guān)敘利亞沖突的敏感政策進(jìn)行討論。

It was unclear whether an impromptu, informal call with a foreign leader would be logged and archived. The Presidential Records Act of 1981, passed in response to the Watergate scandal, requires that the president and his staff preserve all records related to the office. In 2014, the act was amended to include personal emails.
目前還不能明確與外國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人即興、非正式的通話是否將被記錄存檔。水門事件之后，美國(guó)通過了《1981年總統(tǒng)記錄法案》，該法案要求總統(tǒng)及其屬下保存所有與工作有關(guān)的記錄。2014年，法案修正案將私人電子郵件納入記錄范疇。

But the law contains "blind spots" — namely, record-keeping for direct cellphone communications, said Jonathan Turley, a professor at George Washington University Law School, who specializes in public interest and national security law.
喬治華盛頓大學(xué)法學(xué)院公共利益和國(guó)家安全法專業(yè)的教授喬納森?特利表示，手機(jī)直接通訊的記錄保存是該法案的“盲區(qū)”。

特朗普曾批希拉里“電郵門” 如今打臉

The practice opens Trump up to charges of hypocrisy. Throughout last year's presidential campaign, he lambasted Democratic rival Hillary Clinton for using a private email server while she was secretary of state, insisting she should not be given access to classified information because she would leave it vulnerable to foreign foes.
特朗普的這種做法可能被指虛偽。因?yàn)樵谌ツ甑目偨y(tǒng)競(jìng)選中，他抨擊民主黨對(duì)手希拉里?克林頓在擔(dān)任國(guó)務(wù)卿期間使用私人電子郵件服務(wù)器，堅(jiān)稱不應(yīng)該讓希拉里獲取機(jī)密信息，因?yàn)樗龝?huì)使這些信息輕易暴露給外國(guó)敵對(duì)勢(shì)力。

如今，特朗普卻到處分發(fā)自己的私人號(hào)碼，其危險(xiǎn)性不亞于希拉里的做法。

Presidents generally place calls on one of several secure phone lines, including those in the White House Situation Room, the Oval Office or the presidential limousine. Even if Trump uses his government-issued cellphone, his calls are vulnerable to eavesdropping, particularly from foreign governments, national security experts say.
總統(tǒng)們通常會(huì)通過白宮的戰(zhàn)情室、總統(tǒng)辦公室或總統(tǒng)座駕內(nèi)的安全電話線路撥打電話。國(guó)家安全專家稱，即使特朗普使用政府分發(fā)的手機(jī)，他的通話內(nèi)容仍然很容易被竊聽，尤其是被外國(guó)政府。

"If you are speaking on an open line, then it's an open line, meaning those who have the ability to monitor those conversations are doing so," said Derek Chollet, a former Pentagon adviser and National Security Council official now at the German Marshall Fund of the United States.
前國(guó)防部顧問兼國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)官員德里克?夏勒特現(xiàn)就職于美國(guó)德國(guó)馬歇爾基金會(huì)，他表示：“如果通過開放的通信線路講話，意味著那些有能力監(jiān)控這些談話的人正在實(shí)施監(jiān)控，因?yàn)檫@是一條開放線路。”

A president "doesn't carry with him a secure phone," Chollet said. "If someone is trying to spy on you, then everything you're saying, you have to presume that others are listening to it."
夏勒特說，總統(tǒng)“不會(huì)攜帶安全電話，如果有人試圖要監(jiān)視你，那么必須假設(shè)，你所說的一切都有人在監(jiān)聽了。”

The caution is warranted even when dealing with allies. As German Chancellor Angela Merkel's learned in 2013, when a dump of American secrets leaked by Edward Snowden revealed the US was monitoring her cellphone, good relations don't prevent some spycraft between friends.
即使在與盟友打交道時(shí)，仍然要保持警惕。關(guān)系親密也阻擋不了朋友間的間諜活動(dòng)，德國(guó)總理安吉拉?默克爾2013年時(shí)就得到了這個(gè)教訓(xùn)，當(dāng)時(shí)愛德華?斯諾登泄露的一批美國(guó)機(jī)密信息顯示，美國(guó)正在監(jiān)控默克爾的手機(jī)。

Trump has struggled more than most recent presidents to keep his conversations with world leaders private. His remarks to Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto and Russian diplomats have all leaked, presumably after notes of the conversations were circulated by national security officials.
與美國(guó)近幾任總統(tǒng)相比，特朗普與世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的談話想要保密很難。他與澳大利亞總理馬爾科姆?特恩布爾、墨西哥總統(tǒng)恩里克?培尼亞?涅托以及俄羅斯外交官的對(duì)話都被泄露了。據(jù)推測(cè)，可能是在國(guó)家安全官員傳閱談話內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)后泄露的。

漲知識(shí)：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人電話不能隨便打

事實(shí)上，出于保密、安全等原因，各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間通電話有一套十分復(fù)雜的程序需要遵守，此前我們介紹過各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間通電話的程序，感興趣的同學(xué)可以了解一下。

英文來源：美聯(lián)社
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：yaning