久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

English 中文網 漫畫網 愛新聞iNews 翻譯論壇
中國網站品牌欄目(頻道)
當前位置: Language Tips> Audio & Video> 新聞播報> Special Speed News VOA慢速

American history series: rebuilding the South

[ 2010-02-05 11:14]     字號 [] [] []  
免費訂閱30天China Daily雙語新聞手機報:移動用戶編輯短信CD至106580009009

Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA Special English.

In March of 1868, Congress tried to remove President Andrew Johnson from office. But the Senate failed in the effort by one vote. Andrew Johnson was a Democrat. Congress was controlled by radical members of the Republican Party.

Most of the charges at Johnson's trial were based on his dismissal of the secretary of war. A new law said the president could not remove a cabinet officer without Senate approval. Johnson said the law was unconstitutional.

American history series: rebuilding the South

The trial was an important turning point in the making of the nation. Removal from office would have established the idea that the president could serve only with the approval of Congress. The president would have become, in effect, a prime minister, requiring the support of Congress to remain in office. Andrew Johnson's victory kept alive the idea of an independent presidency.

Although Congress failed to remove him, the vote did not end a conflict with the White House over the future of the South. But it did have an effect on efforts to rebuild the South following the war.

Radical Republicans wanted to punish the South for starting the war. They also wanted to be sure new governments in the southern states would support the Republican Party.

This week in our series, Doug Johnson and Frank Oliver tell about the reconstruction of the South.

DOUG JOHNSON:

One way radical Republicans gained support was by helping give blacks the right to vote. They knew former slaves would vote for the party which had freed them.

Another way Republicans kept control in the South was by preventing whites from voting there. They passed a law saying no southerner could vote if he had taken part in the rebellion against the Union. This prevented the majority of southern whites from voting for Democrats and against Republicans.

FRANK OLIVER:

American history series: rebuilding the South

Congress also made strong rules about what southern states had to do to re-enter the Union. It said each of the states needed a new constitution that protected the voting rights of all black men. And it said each southern state must approve an amendment to the United States Constitution that gave citizenship to blacks.

The radicals did not rest with changes in the law. They also sent their supporters south to organize blacks for the Republican Party. Many southern whites hated these men from the North. They had a special name for them: carpetbaggers.

The name arose because many of the northerners who went south arrived with all their possessions in a carpet handbag. Southerners also had a name for their own people who cooperated with the carpetbaggers. They called them scalawags. Neither name was friendly.

DOUG JOHNSON:

Southern whites had a reason to be bitter. They had lost the Civil War. Now much of their power was gone, and they were suffering. But there was another side to the story, as well.

Southern whites had held black people in slavery for many years. Now, the former slaves were getting to enjoy a small taste of freedom. Also, the South had started the Civil War which had caused so much death and destruction. It was not surprising that the North showed little sympathy when the fighting stopped and the South lay in ruins.

Southern states organized conventions to form new governments. Soon, all but three southern states had new legislatures.

Not surprisingly, radical Republicans held firm control in every one of the new governments. Many of the new governors and state officials were carpetbaggers from outside the state. Others were southern scalawags.

FRANK OLIVER:

Many of these new state officials were dishonest. They began using their power to become rich.

In South Carolina, for example, the new governor was a former army officer from the state of Ohio. He gave government jobs to many dishonest men, including some who were wanted for crimes in other states.

The same situation existed in other state governments in the South. In Louisiana, for example, the governor was a carpetbagger from the state of Illinois. He left office after four years with one million dollars. His official pay during that time was only 32,000 dollars.

DOUG JOHNSON:

The South was not the only place where public officials were dishonest.

The period after the Civil War in the United States was marked by several famous incidents involving violations of the public trust. Some of these incidents took place in the North, even in the White House. They were among the worst examples of dishonesty and poor government ever to take place in American history.

It also is important to note that not everyone in the South was dishonest. The new state governments did many good things.

They built roads and bridges, schools and hospitals. They improved transportation and education. They loaned money to companies to build railroads. Most important, they helped give hope to former slaves. These people were struggling to create a new life in the land of their former owners.

FRANK OLIVER:

So, the record of reconstruction in the South was mixed. Many southerners believe, even today, that reconstruction was a bitter time of defeat. But others now say this period after the Civil War was a necessary step in creating a different kind of South from the one which had existed before.

Historians do agree that reconstruction changed the United States in several important ways. One of the most important changes was in the Constitution. Congress passed three historic amendments to the Constitution during this period.

DOUG JOHNSON:

The first was the Thirteenth Amendment. It ended slavery in the United States.

The next was the Fourteenth Amendment. It said all persons born or naturalized in the United States were citizens of the United States and of the state in which they lived. It said no state could limit the rights of these citizens.

Finally, there was the Fifteenth Amendment. It said a citizen of the United States could not be prevented from voting because of his color.

The Thirteenth Amendment freed all Negro slaves. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments were supposed to protect their rights. These laws alone, however, did not succeed in doing this. It would take another century -- until Martin Luther King and other civil rights leaders -- to make these rights a reality.

Yet the passage of these three amendments to the Constitution was still a historic step in making blacks full and equal citizens.

FRANK OLIVER:

These same laws and other actions of the radical Republicans changed the South in other -- less desirable, ways. They helped cause angry whites to form the Ku Klux Klan and other groups that terrorized blacks for years to come.

The laws also increased bitterness between the North and South that lasted many years.

Reconstruction changed the economy of the South, too. White landowners broke up their big farms into smaller pieces of land. They rented these to black farmers. With the land came seed, tools and enough supplies for a year. In exchange for this, the owner would get a large share of the crop raised by the tenant farmer.

This system, called share-cropping, spread through the South. It lasted for almost 100 years.

Share-cropping made it possible for blacks to work the land for themselves for the first time in their lives. But it also made it difficult for them to earn enough money to improve their condition. As a result, the majority of southern blacks remained in poverty. The system helped cause the South to be the poorest part of the United States for many years.

DOUG JOHNSON:

The reconstruction period changed the face of the South and of the United States. The events of reconstruction also were central to one of the nation's most interesting presidential elections.

That will be our story next week.

(MUSIC)

BOB DOUGHTY:

Our program was written by David Jarmul. The narrators were Doug Johnson and Frank Oliver. Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts of our programs are online, along with historical images, at voaspecialenglish.com. And you can follow us on Twitter at VOA Learning English. Join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION - an American history series in VOA Special English.

carpetbagger: a person from the northern states of the US who went to the South after the Civil War in order to make money or get political power (美國內戰后去南方)投機鉆營的北方人

scalawag: a white Southerner who supported Reconstruction policies after the American Civil War (usually for self-interest) 美國內戰后支持重建政策的南方佬

Related stories:

American history series: Trial of Andrew Johnson

Andrew Johnson faces a fight over aiding South

American history series: the final surrender

American history series: after Lincoln's murder

President Lincoln is shot at Ford's Theater

American history series: Robert E. Lee's surrender

American history series: Confederate capital falls

Lincoln defeats McClellan in 1864 election

Sherman burns Atlanta in March to the Sea

American history series: the battle of cold harbor

Victory at Vicksburg splits the Confederacy

American history series: Lincoln at Gettysburg

South sees protests in North as an opening

American history series: Lee and his army cross into the North

The South wins a battle, but loses Stonewall Jackson

American history series: at Bull Run, a terrible defeat for the North

American history series: South defends its capital

American history series: the Civil War at sea

Lincoln names a general to defend Washington

American history series: the North loses the first major battle of the war

American history series: the Civil War's first days

(來源:VOA 編輯:陳丹妮)

 
中國日報網英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“中國日報網英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883631聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。
 

關注和訂閱

人氣排行

翻譯服務

中國日報網翻譯工作室

我們提供:媒體、文化、財經法律等專業領域的中英互譯服務
電話:010-84883468
郵件:translate@chinadaily.com.cn
 
 
久久久无码人妻精品无码_6080YYY午夜理论片中无码_性无码专区_无码人妻品一区二区三区精99

    精品少妇一区二区三区免费观看| 欧美激情一区在线观看| 蜜臀久久99精品久久久久宅男 | 日韩欧美中文字幕一区| 国产一区二区影院| 国产精品久久久久一区二区三区共 | 久久日一线二线三线suv| 国产成人av一区二区三区在线观看| 国产精品久久久久一区二区三区| 日本高清不卡aⅴ免费网站| 天堂va蜜桃一区二区三区| 久久久亚洲精品一区二区三区| aa级大片欧美| 青娱乐精品在线视频| 国产人成亚洲第一网站在线播放| 97精品国产97久久久久久久久久久久| 亚洲国产日韩在线一区模特| 日韩欧美的一区二区| 成人激情免费视频| 天天操天天色综合| 久久久久久久久伊人| 一本一道波多野结衣一区二区| 青娱乐精品视频在线| 国产精品三级视频| 欧美喷潮久久久xxxxx| 国产激情视频一区二区三区欧美 | 成人午夜短视频| 亚洲一区影音先锋| 久久久久国产精品人| 在线观看欧美日本| 韩国视频一区二区| 夜夜嗨av一区二区三区四季av| 日韩欧美高清在线| 一本一本大道香蕉久在线精品 | 国产日韩精品久久久| 欧美日韩一区二区三区在线| 国产福利精品一区| 亚洲国产精品一区二区久久恐怖片| 日韩欧美在线不卡| 一本在线高清不卡dvd| 国产一区二区三区电影在线观看 | 日韩成人精品在线| 国产精品久久久久四虎| 日韩免费看的电影| 91久久久免费一区二区| 国产精品911| 日本在线观看不卡视频| 综合av第一页| 日韩欧美一区电影| 欧美三级日韩三级国产三级| 粉嫩13p一区二区三区| 美女任你摸久久| 一区二区免费看| 国产精品久久久久永久免费观看| 欧美mv日韩mv国产网站app| 欧美在线观看视频一区二区三区| 福利电影一区二区三区| 免费视频最近日韩| 亚洲高清不卡在线观看| 亚洲欧美影音先锋| 国产区在线观看成人精品| 日韩小视频在线观看专区| 在线国产亚洲欧美| 99久久久免费精品国产一区二区| 国产精品资源在线观看| 久久精品免费观看| 天天色图综合网| 一区二区久久久久久| 日韩伦理电影网| 日本一区二区成人| 久久久一区二区三区捆绑**| 日韩欧美中文字幕精品| 欧美日本韩国一区| 欧美性xxxxxx少妇| 91丨九色porny丨蝌蚪| 国产成人免费在线观看| 激情小说亚洲一区| 免费av网站大全久久| 五月开心婷婷久久| 亚洲一区二区3| 亚洲欧美日韩人成在线播放| 国产精品传媒视频| 国产精品女人毛片| 欧美高清在线精品一区| 欧美激情中文字幕| 久久久久久黄色| 久久九九国产精品| 久久久精品影视| 久久久久久免费| 久久综合久色欧美综合狠狠| 精品日韩欧美在线| 欧美成人精品高清在线播放| 日韩一级欧美一级| 欧美成人猛片aaaaaaa| 精品欧美一区二区久久| 精品国产sm最大网站免费看 | 欧美成人一区二区三区片免费| 正在播放一区二区| 欧美一级欧美三级在线观看| 欧美一区二区黄| 欧美一级片免费看| 精品国产一区二区亚洲人成毛片| 精品国产乱码久久久久久蜜臀| 日韩欧美你懂的| 精品粉嫩aⅴ一区二区三区四区 | 国产精品国产三级国产普通话蜜臀| 中文乱码免费一区二区| 国产精品国产三级国产专播品爱网| 国产精品福利影院| 亚洲乱码中文字幕| 亚洲线精品一区二区三区八戒| 午夜精品久久久| 青娱乐精品视频| 精品一区二区在线播放| 国产精品亚洲一区二区三区妖精| 国产成人在线看| hitomi一区二区三区精品| 91免费版pro下载短视频| 欧美性色aⅴ视频一区日韩精品| 欧美卡1卡2卡| 精品三级在线看| 亚洲国产成人午夜在线一区| 亚洲欧美日韩中文字幕一区二区三区| 一区二区三区国产精华| 日韩国产精品久久久| 久久97超碰国产精品超碰| 国产高清在线精品| 99v久久综合狠狠综合久久| 精品视频在线看| 欧美sm美女调教| 国产精品久久久久四虎| 一区二区三区资源| 日韩av一级电影| 丰满岳乱妇一区二区三区| 色婷婷av一区二区三区gif| 欧美猛男gaygay网站| 精品捆绑美女sm三区| 国产精品久久久久久久久搜平片 | 国产乱子轮精品视频| 成人激情视频网站| 欧美三级日韩在线| 久久久久综合网| 曰韩精品一区二区| 蜜臀av在线播放一区二区三区| 国产91丝袜在线播放| 欧美优质美女网站| 精品美女在线观看| 成人免费小视频| 日本亚洲欧美天堂免费| 丁香亚洲综合激情啪啪综合| 欧美吞精做爰啪啪高潮| 久久这里只有精品首页| 一区二区三区在线观看视频| 久久精品99国产精品日本| 成人aa视频在线观看| 制服丝袜激情欧洲亚洲| 中文字幕欧美日韩一区| 香蕉久久一区二区不卡无毒影院| 国产精品一区二区三区网站| 在线视频观看一区| 久久精品一区二区| 亚洲不卡av一区二区三区| 国产激情视频一区二区三区欧美| 欧美色图片你懂的| 欧美国产国产综合| 日韩成人免费在线| 色综合天天综合网天天狠天天| 精品久久一区二区三区| 有码一区二区三区| 国产美女娇喘av呻吟久久| 91福利国产精品| 久久久美女毛片| 日韩精品一二三| 97精品国产露脸对白| 久久综合av免费| 日韩精品免费视频人成| 波多野结衣中文字幕一区 | 男女男精品网站| 一本一道综合狠狠老| 国产香蕉久久精品综合网| 日本中文字幕不卡| 91国在线观看| 欧美国产欧美综合| 麻豆91在线播放免费| 欧美专区亚洲专区| 国产精品乱子久久久久| 久久国产精品99精品国产| 欧美揉bbbbb揉bbbbb| 最新高清无码专区| 国产福利91精品一区| 欧美sm美女调教| 五月天网站亚洲| 日本道免费精品一区二区三区| 中文字幕av一区 二区| 九九久久精品视频| 91精品国产乱| 亚洲bt欧美bt精品777| 日本道精品一区二区三区| 国产精品福利影院| 从欧美一区二区三区|