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海明威自殺或源于FBI監視
Ernest Hemingway 'driven to suicide over FBI surveillance'

[ 2011-07-05 15:29]

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諾貝爾文學獎獲得者歐內斯特?海明威的好友霍奇納日前在《紐約時報》發表回憶文章稱，海明威并非像外界猜測的那樣因為人格障礙或抑郁癥自殺，而是死于美國聯邦調查局（FBI）之手。FBI因懷疑海明威與古巴領導人卡斯特羅有往來而對其進行24小時監視，他們對海明威的竊聽和跟蹤讓海明威焦慮不已并最終導致心理崩潰。

Ernest Hemingway: The FBI had compiled a 127-page file on the Nobel Prize-winning author.

Ernest Hemingway may have been driven to kill himself because of his surveillance by the FBI, his close friend and collaborator has said.

AE Hotchner said he believed the FBI's monitoring of the Nobel Prize-winning author, over suspicions of his links to Cuba, "substantially contributed to his anguish and his suicide" 50 years ago.

Hotchner wrote in The New York Times that he had "regretfully misjudged" his friend's fears of federal investigators, which were dismissed as paranoid delusions for years after his death.

In 1983 the FBI released a 127-page file it had kept on Hemingway since the 1940s, confirming he was watched by agents working for J. Edgar Hoover, who took a personal interest in his case.

Hotchner described being met off a train by Hemingway in Ketchum, Idaho, in November 1960, for a pheasant shoot with their friend Duke MacMullen.

Hemingway, struggling to complete his last work, complained "the feds" had "tailed us all the way" and that agents were poring over his accounts in a local bank that they passed on their journey.

"It's the worst hell," Hemingway said. "The goddamnedest hell. They've bugged everything. That's why we're using Duke's car. Mine's bugged. Everything's bugged. Can't use the phone. Mail intercepted."

Later that month he was committed for psychiatric care at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, where he received electric shock treatment. He attempted suicide several times before being released.

A few days after returning home to Ketchum, he shot himself in the head with his favourite shotgun aged 61.

"In the years since, I have tried to reconcile Ernest's fear of the FBI, which I regretfully misjudged, with the reality of the FBI file," wrote Hotchner, the author of 'Papa Hemingway'.

"I now believe he truly sensed the surveillance, and that it substantially contributed to his anguish and his suicide," he said.

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(Agencies)

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