1.?The system fraught with deep-seated problems

The US?calls itself?"city upon a hill"?and a "beacon of?democracy"; and it claims that its political system was designed to defend democracy and freedom at the time of its?founding. Yet, the vision of democracy has lost its shine in the US?today. The self-styled American democracy is now gravely?ill?with money?politics, elite rule, political polarization and a dysfunctional system.

(1) American-style democracy has become "a game of money politics"

The American-style democracy is a rich men's game based on capital, and?is fundamentally different from democracy of the people.

Over a hundred years ago, Republican Senator from Ohio Mark Hanna?said of?American politics: "There are two things that are important in politics. The first is money, and I can't remember the second."?More than one hundred years have passed, and money has not only remained "the currency"?in US politics, but also become even more indispensable. For example, the 2020 presidential election and Congressional elections cost some US$14 billion, two times that of 2016 and three times that of 2008;?indeed, they are known as the most expensive elections in American history. The cost of the presidential election reached another record high of US$6.6 billion, and the Congressional elections cost over US$7 billion.

The fact that the American people?have to?face is that money?politics has penetrated the entire?process of election, legislation and administration. People in fact only have a restricted?right to political participation. The inequality in economic status has been turned into inequality in political status. Only people with enough capital can enjoy their?democratic rights provided by the Constitution. Money?politics have increasingly become an "irremovable tumor"?in American society?and a mockery of?democracy?in the US.

A US Senator had a sharp observation,?"Congress does not regulate Wall Street. Wall Street regulates Congress."?According to statistics, winners of 91% of US Congressional elections are the candidates with greater financial?support. Big companies, a small group of rich people, and interest groups are generous with their support and have become the main source of electoral?funding. And those?so-called representatives of the people, once elected, often serve the interests of their financial backers. They speak for vested interests rather than the ordinary people.

In March 2020, Robert Reich, Professor of Public Policy at University of California, Berkeley and former Secretary of Labor, published a book entitled The System, Who Rigged It, How We Fix It. According to him, the American political system has been hijacked by a tiny minority?over the past four decades. Political donations are almost seen as "legitimate bribery". They enable the rich to have more political clout. During the 2018 midterm elections, the huge political donations, mostly coming from the top 0.01% ultra-rich of the American population, accounted for over 40% of campaign finance. Money politics and lobby groups are restricting channels for ordinary Americans to speak out, whose voices expressing genuine concerns are overshadowed by a handful of interest groups. The oligarchs would enrich themselves with the power they have got while totally ignoring the interests of ordinary Americans.

On 23 September 2020, in an interview with Harvard Law Today, Harvard Law School Professor Matthew Stephenson said that the US is by no means the world leader in clean government, and certain practices related to lobbying and campaign finance that other countries would consider corrupt are not only permitted but constitutionally protected in the US.