IV. Building and Development of China's Armed Forces
四、軍事力量建設發展

In the implementation of the military strategic guideline in the new situation, China's armed forces must closely center around the CPC's goal of building a strong military, respond to the state's core security needs, aim at building an informationized military and winning informationized wars, deepen the reform of national defense and the armed forces in an all-round way, build a modern system of military forces with Chinese characteristics, and constantly enhance their capabilities for addressing various security threats and accomplishing diversified military tasks.
貫徹新形勢下軍事戰略方針，必須緊緊圍繞實現中國共產黨在新形勢下的強軍目標，以國家核心安全需求為導向，著眼建設信息化軍隊、打贏信息化戰爭，全面深化國防和軍隊改革，努力構建中國特色現代軍事力量體系，不斷提高軍隊應對多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務的能力。

Development of the Services and Arms of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF)
軍兵種和武警部隊發展

In line with the strategic requirement of mobile operations and multi-dimensional offense and defense, the PLA Army (PLAA) will continue to reorient from theater defense to trans-theater mobility. In the process of building small, multi-functional and modular units, the PLAA will adapt itself to tasks in different regions, develop the capacity of its combat forces for different purposes, and construct a combat force structure for joint operations. The PLAA will elevate its capabilities for precise, multi-dimensional, trans-theater, multi-functional and sustainable operations.
陸軍按照機動作戰、立體攻防的戰略要求，實現區域防衛型向全域機動型轉變，加快小型化、多能化、模塊化發展步伐，適應不同地區不同任務需要，組織作戰力量分類建設，構建適應聯合作戰要求的作戰力量體系，提高精確作戰、立體作戰、全域作戰、多能作戰、持續作戰能力。

In line with the strategic requirement of offshore waters defense and open seas protection, the PLA Navy (PLAN) will gradually shift its focus from "offshore waters defense" to the combination of "offshore waters defense" with "open seas protection," and build a combined, multi-functional and efficient marine combat force structure. The PLAN will enhance its capabilities for strategic deterrence and counterattack, maritime maneuvers, joint operations at sea, comprehensive defense and comprehensive support.
海軍按照近海防御、遠海護衛的戰略要求，逐步實現近海防御型向近海防御與遠海護衛型結合轉變，構建合成、多能、高效的海上作戰力量體系，提高戰略威懾與反擊、海上機動作戰、海上聯合作戰、綜合防御作戰和綜合保障能力。

In line with the strategic requirement of building air-space capabilities and conducting offensive and defensive operations, the PLA Air Force (PLAAF) will endeavor to shift its focus from territorial air defense to both defense and offense, and build an air-space defense force structure that can meet the requirements of informationized operations. The PLAAF will boost its capabilities for strategic early warning, air strike, air and missile defense, information countermeasures, airborne operations, strategic projection and comprehensive support.
空軍按照空天一體、攻防兼備的戰略要求，實現國土防空型向攻防兼備型轉變，構建適應信息化作戰需要的空天防御力量體系，提高戰略預警、空中打擊、防空反導、信息對抗、空降作戰、戰略投送和綜合保障能力。

In line with the strategic requirement of being lean and effective and possessing both nuclear and conventional missiles, the PLA Second Artillery Force (PLASAF) will strive to transform itself in the direction of informationization, press forward with independent innovations in weaponry and equipment by reliance on science and technology, enhance the safety, reliability and effectiveness of missile systems, and improve the force structure featuring a combination of both nuclear and conventional capabilities. The PLASAF will strengthen its capabilities for strategic deterrence and nuclear counterattack, and medium- and long-range precision strikes. 　
第二炮兵按照精干有效、核常兼備的戰略要求，加快推進信息化轉型，依靠科技進步推動武器裝備自主創新，增強導彈武器的安全性、可靠性、有效性，完善核常兼備的力量體系，提高戰略威懾與核反擊和中遠程精確打擊能力。

In line with the strategic requirement of performing multiple functions and effectively maintaining social stability, the PAPF will continue to develop its forces for guard and security, contingency response, stability maintenance, counter-terrorism operations, emergency rescue and disaster relief, emergency support and air support, and work to improve a force structure which highlights guard duty, contingency response, counter-terrorism and stability maintenance. The PAPF will enhance its capabilities for performing diversified tasks centering on guard duty and contingency response in informationized conditions.
武警部隊按照多能一體、有效維穩的戰略要求，發展執勤安保、處突維穩、反恐突擊、搶險救援、應急保障、空中支援力量，完善以執勤處突和反恐維穩為主體的力量體系，提高以信息化條件下執勤處突能力為核心的完成多樣化任務能力。重大安全領域力量發展。

The seas and oceans bear on the enduring peace, lasting stability and sustainable development of China. The traditional mentality that land outweighs sea must be abandoned, and great importance has to be attached to managing the seas and oceans and protecting maritime rights and interests. It is necessary for China to develop a modern maritime military force structure commensurate with its national security and development interests, safeguard its national sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, protect the security of strategic SLOCs and overseas interests, and participate in international maritime cooperation, so as to provide strategic support for building itself into a maritime power.
海洋關系國家長治久安和可持續發展。必須突破重陸輕海的傳統思維，高度重視經略海洋、維護海權。建設與國家安全和發展利益相適應的現代海上軍事力量體系，維護國家主權和海洋權益，維護戰略通道和海外利益安全，參與海洋國際合作，為建設海洋強國提供戰略支撐。

Outer space has become a commanding height in international strategic competition. Countries concerned are developing their space forces and instruments, and the first signs of weaponization of outer space have appeared. China has all along advocated the peaceful use of outer space, opposed the weaponization of and arms race in outer space, and taken an active part in international space cooperation. China will keep abreast of the dynamics of outer space, deal with security threats and challenges in that domain, and secure its space assets to serve its national economic and social development, and maintain outer space security.
太空是國際戰略競爭制高點。有關國家發展太空力量和手段，太空武器化初顯端倪。中國一貫主張和平利用太空，反對太空武器化和太空軍備競賽，積極參與國際太空合作。密切跟蹤掌握太空態勢，應對太空安全威脅與挑戰，保衛太空資產安全，服務國家經濟建設和社會發展，維護太空安全。

Cyberspace has become a new pillar of economic and social development, and a new domain of national security. As international strategic competition in cyberspace has been turning increasingly fiercer, quite a few countries are developing their cyber military forces. Being one of the major victims of hacker attacks, China is confronted with grave security threats to its cyber infrastructure. As cyberspace weighs more in military security, China will expedite the development of a cyber force, and enhance its capabilities of cyberspace situation awareness, cyber defense, support for the country's endeavors in cyberspace and participation in international cyber cooperation, so as to stem major cyber crises, ensure national network and information security, and maintain national security and social stability.
網絡空間是經濟社會發展新支柱和國家安全新領域。網絡空間國際戰略競爭日趨激烈，不少國家都在發展網絡空間軍事力量。中國是黑客攻擊最大的受害國之一，網絡基礎設施安全面臨嚴峻威脅，網絡空間對軍事安全影響逐步上升。加快網絡空間力量建設，提高網絡空間態勢感知、網絡防御、支援國家網絡空間斗爭和參與國際合作的能力，遏控網絡空間重大危機，保障國家網絡與信息安全，維護國家安全和社會穩定。

The nuclear force is a strategic cornerstone for safeguarding national sovereignty and security. China has always pursued the policy of no first use of nuclear weapons and adhered to a self-defensive nuclear strategy that is defensive in nature. China will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or in nuclear-weapon-free zones, and will never enter into a nuclear arms race with any other country. China has always kept its nuclear capabilities at the minimum level required for maintaining its national security. China will optimize its nuclear force structure, improve strategic early warning, command and control, missile penetration, rapid reaction, and survivability and protection, and deter other countries from using or threatening to use nuclear weapons against China.
核力量是維護國家主權和安全的戰略基石。中國始終奉行不首先使用核武器的政策，堅持自衛防御的核戰略，無條件不對無核武器國家和無核武器區使用或威脅使用核武器，不與任何國家進行核軍備競賽，核力量始終維持在維護國家安全需要的最低水平。建設完善核力量體系，提高戰略預警、指揮控制、導彈突防、快速反應和生存防護能力，懾止他國對中國使用或威脅使用核武器。