經常看英美劇的同學，大概每個人的關注劇中都有一兩部是律政題材的吧？像《訴訟雙雄》（Suits）、《風騷律師》（Better Call Saul）、《皇家律師》（Silk），以及最新的《美國犯罪故事》（American Crime Story）等。看劇中人物在法庭上唇槍舌戰固然精彩，不過，有些法庭用語大家都能明白嗎？

我們最近就會推出法庭常用詞匯系列，為大家拓展一下詞匯量，就算不看美劇，多學點單詞也是極好的啊！

Terms Commonly Used in Court Part 1
法庭常用詞匯（1）

Accused 被告

例句：

The fifteen accused, young men from different parts of England, denied the charges.
被告是15名來自英格蘭各地的年輕男子，他們對指控矢口否認。

Action 訴訟

例句：

Two leading law firms are to prepare legal actions against tobacco companies.
兩家很有名的律師事務所準備向煙草公司提起訴訟。

Adjudicate 裁決

例句：

The international court of justice might be a suitable place to adjudicate claims.
國際法庭或許是對所有權作出裁決的合適之地。

Adjourn （使）休庭

例句：

The court may not adjourn until three or even later.
法庭要到3點或更晚時才會休庭。

Affidavit 宣誓證言

例句：

The lawyer invited his client to subscribe the affidavit.
律師請他的客戶在宣誓證言上簽了名。

Appeal 上訴

例句：

We intend to appeal the verdict.
我們打算對裁決提出上訴。

Bail 保釋

例句：

He was yesterday given bail by South Yorkshire magistrates.
昨天南約克郡法院準予他獲得保釋。

Civil action 民事訴訟

例句：

She brought a civil action against one of her neighbours.
她對她的一個鄰居提出民事訴訟。

Contempt of court 藐視法庭

例句：

He faced imprisonment for contempt of court.
他因藐視法庭面臨監禁。

Continuance 訴訟延期

例句：

His attorney succeeds in getting a one month continuance.
他的律師成功申請到訴訟延期1個月。

Convict 定罪

例句：

That jury will never convict me.
陪審團才不會給我定罪。

Counterclaim 反訴

例句：

The producers filed a counterclaim asserting the copyright claims were baseless.

制作人團隊提起反訴，聲稱版權訴訟毫無根據。

Court order 法庭指令

例句：

She has decided not to appeal against a court order banning her from keeping animals.
對于法院禁止她飼養動物的指令，她決定不再上訴。

Cross-examination 交叉訊問

例句：

The witness tripped up rather badly under close cross-examination.
這個證人在嚴密的交叉盤問之下破綻百出。

Custody 羈押，拘留

例句：

Two more suspects have now been taken into custody.
又有兩個嫌疑人被拘留了。

Damages 損害賠償

例句：

A High Court judge had awarded him ￡6 million damages.
高級法院法官裁定他獲得600萬英鎊的損失賠償金。

Defendant 被告

例句：

The defence pleaded insanity, but the defendant was found guilty and sentenced.
辯方以精神錯亂為由進行申辯，但被告被判有罪并獲刑。

Dismissal （案件）駁回（動詞為dismiss）

例句：

The judge announced the dismissal of the case.
法官宣布駁回該案。

Evidence 證據，證物，證詞

例句：

The forensic scientists who carried out the original tests will be called to give evidence.
進行最初化驗的法醫學家將被傳喚到庭作證。

Felony 重罪

例句：

Every defendant charged with a felony has a right to be charged by the Grand Jury.
重罪案被告都有權由大陪審團審理。

Forfeiture 沒收（財產等）

例句：

The forfeiture of illegally obtained profits is part of the penalty.
沒收非法獲利是處罰的一部分。

Guilty 有罪的

例句：

Four men were found guilty of breach of the peace.
四名男子被判擾亂治安罪名成立。

未完待續（To be continued)

（中國日報網英語點津 Helen）