就在英國(guó)緊鑼密鼓地準(zhǔn)備與歐盟展開(kāi)脫歐談判之際，英國(guó)政壇風(fēng)云突起——首相特蕾莎?梅18日宣布將于6月8日提前舉行大選，這一提議有待19日英國(guó)議會(huì)通過(guò)。梅政府任期原定2020年期滿(mǎn)。此前不久，梅還一直宣稱(chēng)下次大選將在2020年舉行。那么她為何突然改變態(tài)度？

UK Prime Minister Theresa May has announced plans to call a snap general election on 8 June.
英國(guó)首相特蕾莎?梅宣布計(jì)劃于6月8日提前舉行大選。

She said Britain needed certainty, stability and strong leadership following the EU referendum.
她表示，英國(guó)脫歐公投后國(guó)家需要確定性、穩(wěn)定性以及強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

Explaining the decision, Mrs May said: "The country is coming together but Westminster is not."
梅對(duì)其決定解釋道：“國(guó)家正在團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，但是議會(huì)并沒(méi)有團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。”

Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn said his party wanted the election, calling it a chance to get a government that puts "the majority first".
工黨黨魁杰里米?科爾賓稱(chēng)，工黨希望進(jìn)行選舉，他稱(chēng)這是選擇一個(gè)把“大多數(shù)人的利益放在首位”的政府的機(jī)會(huì)。

The prime minister will refuse to take part in televised leader debates ahead of the vote, Number 10 sources said.
政府知情人士稱(chēng)，梅在投票前將不會(huì)參加領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人電視辯論。

Mr Corbyn said Mrs May should not be "dodging" a head-to-head encounter.
科爾賓稱(chēng)，梅不應(yīng)該對(duì)正面交鋒“躲躲閃閃”。

There will be a vote in the House of Commons on Wednesday to approve the election plan - the prime minister needs two thirds of MPs to vote in favour to bring forward the next scheduled election date of 2020.
下議院將在19日舉行投票，批準(zhǔn)選舉計(jì)劃。下屆大選的原定日期為2020年，梅需要獲得2/3議員的贊成票才能提前選舉。

Explaining her change of heart on an early election, Mrs May said: "I have concluded the only way to guarantee certainty and security for years ahead is to hold this election."
梅改變主意決定提前選舉，對(duì)此她解釋道：“我已經(jīng)斷定，確保未來(lái)數(shù)年的穩(wěn)定安全的唯一辦法就是舉行大選。”

She accused Britain's other political parties of "game playing", adding that this risks "our ability to make a success of Brexit and it will cause damaging uncertainty and instability to the country".
她指責(zé)英國(guó)其他政黨在“玩政治游戲”，并稱(chēng)這將使英國(guó)“成功脫歐面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還將給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)破壞性的動(dòng)蕩。”

"So we need a general election and we need one now. We have at this moment a one-off chance to get this done while the European Union agrees its negotiating position and before the detailed talks begin.
“所以，我們需要一場(chǎng)大選，而且現(xiàn)在就需要。因?yàn)檫@是我們當(dāng)前的唯一機(jī)會(huì)，歐盟就其談判立場(chǎng)達(dá)成一致，而進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)談判尚未開(kāi)始。”

"I have only recently and reluctantly come to this conclusion. Since I became prime minister I've said there should be no election until 2020, but now I have concluded that the only way to guarantee certainty and security for the years ahead is to hold this election and seek your support for the decisions we must take."
“我最近不得已才作出這個(gè)決定。自從就任首相起我就說(shuō)過(guò)：在2020年之前不應(yīng)該舉行任何大選。但現(xiàn)在我認(rèn)為，確保未來(lái)穩(wěn)定和安全的唯一方法就是舉行這次選舉，并在這個(gè)必要決定上尋求你們的支持。”

In a statement outside Number 10, Mrs May said Labour had threatened to vote against the final Brexit agreement and cited opposition to her plans from the Scottish National Party, the Lib Dems and "unelected" members of the House of Lords.
梅在唐寧街10號(hào)官邸外發(fā)表聲明，稱(chēng)工黨曾威脅要對(duì)英國(guó)脫歐的最終協(xié)議投反對(duì)票，她還列舉了蘇格蘭民族黨、自由民主黨以及“未經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的”其他上議院議員們對(duì)其脫歐計(jì)劃的反對(duì)。

"If we don't hold a general election now, their political game-playing will continue and the negotiations with the European Union will reach their most difficult stage in the run-up to the next scheduled election," she said.
“如果我們不立刻進(jìn)行大選，他們的政治游戲就會(huì)繼續(xù)，在接下來(lái)的大選之前，與歐盟的談判將進(jìn)入最艱難的階段。”

過(guò)去一世紀(jì)，英國(guó)更換了24位首相，其中有一半未經(jīng)大選直接上任：

Senior government sources point to a specific factor that changed the prime minister's calculation on an early election.
政府高層消息人士指出，一個(gè)具體因素改變了梅的想法，讓她決定提前選舉。

The end of the likely tortuous Article 50 negotiations is a hard deadline set for March 2019.
退歐談判可能很曲折，其截止日期設(shè)在2019年3月。

Under the Fixed Term Parliaments Act, that's when the Tories would be starting to prepare for a general election the following year, with what one cabinet minister described as certain "political needs".
根據(jù)《固定任期議會(huì)法案》，此時(shí)正是保守黨開(kāi)始為來(lái)年大選做準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)候，一位內(nèi)閣大臣將這些準(zhǔn)備稱(chēng)為某些“政治需要”。

In other words, the government would be exposed to hardball from the EU because ministers would be desperate to avoid accepting anything that would be politically unpopular, or hold the Brexit process up, at the start of a crucial election cycle.
換言之，在至關(guān)重要的選舉周期開(kāi)始時(shí)，大臣們將竭力避免接受任何在政治上不受歡迎的事情，或者阻止退歐進(jìn)程，因此歐盟將對(duì)英國(guó)政府采取強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度。

Ministers say that's the central reason for May's change of heart because "if there was an election in three years, we'd be up against the clock".
大臣們認(rèn)為，這是梅改變心意的核心原因，因?yàn)椤叭绻谌陜?nèi)舉行大選的話(huà)，我們將面臨時(shí)間的問(wèn)題。”

Mr Corbyn said he welcomed the prime minister's decision, saying it would "give the British people the chance to vote for a government that will put the interests of the majority first", saying that this would include dealing with "the crisis" in housing, education funding and the NHS and pushing for an "economy that works for all".
科爾賓對(duì)梅的決定表示歡迎，他稱(chēng)，這將“使英國(guó)人民有機(jī)會(huì)選出一個(gè)把多數(shù)人利益放在首位的政府。這些利益包括：應(yīng)對(duì)住房、教育經(jīng)費(fèi)以及國(guó)民健康保險(xiǎn)制度面臨的“危機(jī)”，并推動(dòng)“惠及所有人的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策”。

Asked if he will be the next prime minister, the Labour leader said: "If we win the election - yes - and I want to lead a government that will transform this country, give real hope to everybody and above all bring about a principle of justice for everybody and economic opportunities for everybody."
當(dāng)被問(wèn)及是否會(huì)成為下任首相時(shí)，科爾賓表示：“是的，如果我們贏得選舉的話(huà)，我希望帶領(lǐng)政府進(jìn)行改革，給所有人真正的希望，尤其是實(shí)現(xiàn)公正原則，給所有英國(guó)人帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會(huì)。”

Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said she would be fighting the election "to win".
蘇格蘭首席大臣尼古拉?斯特金表示，她將爭(zhēng)取在選舉中“獲勝”。

"I think the prime minister has called this election for selfish, narrow, party political interests, but she has called it and therefore I relish the prospect of getting out to stand up for Scotland's interests and values, standing up for Scotland's voice being heard and standing against the ability of a right-wing Conservative Party to impose whatever policies it wants on Scotland."
“我認(rèn)為首相舉行這次選舉是出于自私、狹隘的政治利益，但是她既然已經(jīng)要求選舉，那么我很期待站出來(lái)代表蘇格蘭的利益和價(jià)值，讓蘇格蘭的聲音被聽(tīng)到，反對(duì)右翼保守黨將任何政策肆意強(qiáng)加于蘇格蘭。”

Mrs May spoke to the Queen on the phone on Easter Monday to let her know of the election plan, the prime minister's official spokesman said. She also got the full backing of the cabinet before calling the election.
首相官方發(fā)言人稱(chēng)，梅在17日復(fù)活節(jié)與女王通話(huà)，告知其選舉計(jì)劃。她在要求舉行選舉之前已經(jīng)獲得內(nèi)閣的全力支持。

Former prime minister David Cameron called Theresa May's decision to hold a snap general election "brave and right".
前首相大衛(wèi)?卡梅倫稱(chēng)提前召開(kāi)大選的決定是“勇敢而明智的”。

British business groups gave a mixed response to the prime minister's sudden call for a general election, as the pound jumped on the news and shares fell.
首相的意外之舉導(dǎo)致英鎊上漲、股市下跌，英國(guó)商界對(duì)此反響不一。

European Council President Donald Tusk's spokesman said the 27 other EU states would forge ahead with Brexit, saying the UK election would not change their plans.
歐盟委員會(huì)主席唐納德?圖斯克的發(fā)言人稱(chēng)，其他27個(gè)歐盟國(guó)家將推動(dòng)英國(guó)脫歐，英國(guó)選舉不會(huì)改變他們的計(jì)劃。

He added: "We expect to have the Brexit guidelines adopted by the European Council on 29 April and following that the Brexit negotiating directives ready on 22 May. This will allow the EU27 to start negotiations."
他還稱(chēng)：“我們預(yù)計(jì)歐盟委員會(huì)將于4月29號(hào)通過(guò)英國(guó)脫歐指導(dǎo)方針，在5月22日出臺(tái)英國(guó)脫歐談判正式方針。歐盟27個(gè)成員國(guó)此后將可以啟動(dòng)談判。”

英國(guó)首相特蕾莎?梅宣布提前大選講話(huà)雙語(yǔ)全文及視頻：

"I have just chaired a meeting of the cabinet, where we agreed that the government should call a general election, to be held on 8 June.
我剛剛主持了內(nèi)閣會(huì)議，大家在會(huì)上一致同意，應(yīng)該在6月8日舉行大選。

"I want to explain the reasons for that decision, what will happen next and the choice facing the British people when you come to vote in this election.
我想在這里解釋一下做出這一決定的原因，接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么，以及英國(guó)民眾在大選中面臨的選擇。

"Last summer, after the country voted to leave the European Union, Britain needed certainty, stability and strong leadership, and since I became prime minister the government has delivered precisely that.
去年夏天，全國(guó)公投決定離開(kāi)歐盟之后，英國(guó)需要確定性、穩(wěn)定性以及強(qiáng)有力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，自我成為首相以來(lái)，我們的政府都做到了。

"Despite predictions of immediate financial and economic danger, since the referendum we have seen consumer confidence remain high, record numbers of jobs, and economic growth that has exceeded all expectations.
雖然有預(yù)測(cè)稱(chēng)我們會(huì)面臨金融和經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但自從公投以來(lái)，我們看到消費(fèi)者信心持續(xù)高漲，就業(yè)數(shù)量創(chuàng)了記錄，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。

"We have also delivered on the mandate that we were handed by the referendum result. Britain is leaving the European Union and there can be no turning back.
我們也按照公投的結(jié)果履行了應(yīng)盡的職責(zé)。英國(guó)要離開(kāi)歐盟，不會(huì)回頭。

"And as we look to the future, the Government has the right plan for negotiating our new relationship with Europe.
展望未來(lái)，政府在商討英國(guó)與歐洲的新關(guān)系方面已經(jīng)有了適當(dāng)?shù)姆桨浮?/p>

"We want a deep and special partnership between a strong and successful European Union and a United Kingdom that is free to chart its own way in the world.
我們想要在強(qiáng)大并卓有成就的歐盟以及自由發(fā)展的英國(guó)之間建立一個(gè)深入的、特別的伙伴關(guān)系。

"That means we will regain control of our own money, our own laws and our own borders and we will be free to strike trade deals with old friends and new partners all around the world.
這意味著我們將重新獲得對(duì)我們的貨幣、法律以及邊境的控制權(quán)，我們也可以按照自己的意愿與世界各地的老朋友、新伙伴簽訂貿(mào)易協(xié)定。

"This is the right approach, and it is in the national interest. But the other political parties oppose it.
這是正確的選擇，也符合國(guó)家利益，但是其他的政黨反對(duì)這樣做。

"At this moment of enormous national significance there should be unity here in Westminster, but instead there is division. The country is coming together, but Westminster is not.
在這樣一個(gè)對(duì)國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大的時(shí)刻，議會(huì)應(yīng)該團(tuán)結(jié)一致，可我們只有分歧。整個(gè)國(guó)家都在一起努力，可議會(huì)并沒(méi)有在努力。

"In recent weeks Labour has threatened to vote against the final agreement we reach with the European Union. The Liberal Democrats have said they want to grind the business of government to a standstill.
最近幾周，工黨威脅說(shuō)要為我們跟歐盟達(dá)成的協(xié)議投反對(duì)票，自由民主黨說(shuō)要讓政府事務(wù)陷入癱瘓。

"The Scottish National Party say they will vote against the legislation that formally repeals Britain's membership of the European Union. And unelected members of the House of Lords have vowed to fight us every step of the way.
蘇格蘭民族黨說(shuō)他們要投票廢除能夠正式撤銷(xiāo)英國(guó)歐盟成員國(guó)身份的法律。未經(jīng)選舉產(chǎn)生的上議院議員聲稱(chēng)要步步與我們作對(duì)。

"Our opponents believe because the government's majority is so small, that our resolve will weaken and that they can force us to change course. They are wrong.
我們的對(duì)手認(rèn)為，政府所占的多數(shù)席位太少，所以，我們的決心會(huì)被削弱，他們可以強(qiáng)迫我們改變計(jì)劃。他們錯(cuò)了。

"They underestimate our determination to get the job done and I am not prepared to let them endanger the security of millions of working people across the country.
他們低估了我們完成這項(xiàng)工作的決心，我也沒(méi)打算讓他們危及全國(guó)數(shù)百萬(wàn)工作民眾的安全。

"Because what they are doing jeopardises the work we must do to prepare for Brexit at home and it weakens the government's negotiating position in Europe.
因?yàn)樗麄兊乃魉鶠閾p害了我們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)必須進(jìn)行的脫歐準(zhǔn)備工作，削弱了政府在歐洲的談判立場(chǎng)。

"If we do not hold a general election now their political game-playing will continue, and the negotiations with the European Union will reach their most difficult stage in the run-up to the next scheduled election.
如果我們現(xiàn)在不舉行大選，他們的政治游戲還會(huì)繼續(xù)，在下一次預(yù)定的大選到來(lái)之前，我們跟歐盟的談判會(huì)進(jìn)入最艱難的階段。

"Division in Westminster will risk our ability to make a success of Brexit and it will cause damaging uncertainty and instability to the country.
議會(huì)內(nèi)部的分裂會(huì)使我們成功脫歐面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還會(huì)給我們的國(guó)家?guī)?lái)破壞性的不確定和不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。

"So we need a general election and we need one now, because we have at this moment a one-off chance to get this done while the European Union agrees its negotiating position and before the detailed talks begin.
所以，我們需要一次大選，而且現(xiàn)在就要舉行。因?yàn)檫@是我們當(dāng)前的唯一機(jī)會(huì)，歐盟就其談判立場(chǎng)達(dá)成一致，而進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)談判尚未開(kāi)始。

"I have only recently and reluctantly come to this conclusion. Since I became prime minister I have said that there should be no election until 2020, but now I have concluded that the only way to guarantee certainty and stability for the years ahead is to hold this election and seek your support for the decisions I must take.
我也是最近才很不情愿地做出這個(gè)決定。我擔(dān)任首相以后曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，2020年之前不會(huì)舉行大選。可是現(xiàn)在，我發(fā)現(xiàn)確保未來(lái)幾年確定和穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的唯一方法就是舉行大選，尋求你們對(duì)我必須做出的決策的支持。

"And so tomorrow I will move a motion in the House of Commons calling for a general election to be held on 8 June. That motion, as set out by the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act, will require a two-thirds majority of the House of Commons.
因此，我明天會(huì)向下議院提交動(dòng)議，提議在6月8日舉行大選。按照《英國(guó)議會(huì)固定任期法案》的規(guī)定，該動(dòng)議需要在下議院獲得三分之二的多數(shù)票才能通過(guò)。

"So I have a simple challenge to the opposition parties, you have criticised the government's vision for Brexit, you have challenged our objectives, you have threatened to block the legislation we put before Parliament.
我這里向各反對(duì)黨提出一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的挑戰(zhàn)，你們批評(píng)政府脫歐的計(jì)劃，挑戰(zhàn)我們的目標(biāo)，還威脅要阻止我們向議會(huì)提交的法案。

"This is your moment to show you mean it, to show you are not opposing the government for the sake of it, to show that you do not treat politics as a game.
現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候讓大家知道，你們是認(rèn)真的，你們不是為了反對(duì)政府而反對(duì)政府，你們并沒(méi)有把政治當(dāng)游戲。

"Let us tomorrow vote for an election, let us put forward our plans for Brexit and our alternative programmes for government and then let the people decide.
明天，讓我們?yōu)榇筮x投票表態(tài)，把我們的脫歐計(jì)劃和政府的替代方案拿出來(lái)，讓人民做決定。

"And the decision facing the country will be all about leadership. It will be a choice between strong and stable leadership in the national interest, with me as your prime minister, or weak and unstable coalition government, led by Jeremy Corbyn, propped up by the Liberal Democrats, who want to reopen the divisions of the referendum, and Nicola Sturgeon and the SNP.
整個(gè)國(guó)家面臨的抉擇主要是關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力。以我本人為首相、符合國(guó)民利益的強(qiáng)大穩(wěn)定領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體，自由民主黨牽頭、以杰里米?科爾賓為首的軟弱又缺乏穩(wěn)定性、想要重新回到公投分裂局面的聯(lián)合政府，以及蘇格蘭民族黨的尼古拉-斯特金，人們需要在這當(dāng)中做出選擇。

"Every vote for the Conservatives will make it harder for opposition politicians who want to stop me from getting the job done.
投給保守黨的每一票都會(huì)讓想要阻止我完成脫歐工作的反對(duì)黨更難得逞。

"Every vote for the Conservatives will make me stronger when I negotiate for Britain with the prime ministers, presidents and chancellors of the European Union.
投給保守黨的每一票都會(huì)讓我在與歐盟各國(guó)首相、總統(tǒng)以及總理大臣們談判時(shí)更強(qiáng)大。

"Every vote for the Conservatives means we can stick to our plan for a stronger Britain and take the right long-term decisions for a more secure future.
投給保守黨的每一票都意味著我們能堅(jiān)持建立一個(gè)更強(qiáng)大英國(guó)的計(jì)劃，為一個(gè)更穩(wěn)健的未來(lái)做出正確的長(zhǎng)期抉擇。

"It was with reluctance that I decided the country needs this election, but it is with strong conviction that I say it is necessary to secure the strong and stable leadership the country needs to see us through Brexit and beyond.
我做出舉行大選的決定是不情愿的，但是我堅(jiān)信這是確保我國(guó)在強(qiáng)大穩(wěn)定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)之下完成脫歐進(jìn)程并進(jìn)入下一階段發(fā)展的必要手段。

"So, tomorrow, let the House of Commons vote for an election, let everybody put forward their proposals for Brexit and their programmes for government, and let us remove the risk of uncertainty and instability and continue to give the country the strong and stable leadership it demands."
所以，明天，就讓下議院為大選進(jìn)行表決吧，大家都把自己的脫歐方案和執(zhí)政方案拿出來(lái)，讓我們消除不確定性和不穩(wěn)定性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，繼續(xù)給我們國(guó)家一個(gè)它急需的強(qiáng)大又穩(wěn)定的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體。

英文來(lái)源：BBC
翻譯&編輯：董靜 馬文英
審校：丹妮