Every time in history when the United States has experienced a downturn, we’ve overcome it through reinvention and innovation. Now, these capacities are not unique or innate to the people of the United States. They are activated by our economic model, which we work hard to keep open, free, transparent, and fair, a model that has its imperfections but remains the most powerful source of prosperity known to humankind.

歷史上，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)每一次陷入衰退，都能通過革新與創(chuàng)新脫離困境。然而，這些能力并不為美國人民所特有或與生俱來；它們是由我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式所激發(fā)的，我們奮力維持這樣一個(gè)開放、自由、透明、公平的模式。這個(gè)模式有它的不完善之處，但仍然是人類所知的最強(qiáng)大的繁榮之源。

Of course, no nation is perfect when it comes to safeguarding these principles, including my own. We all recognize the temptation to bend them. And we all recognize the inevitability of human nature's capacity to look for ways around them. Some nations are making short-term gains doing that. Some developing countries—admirably focused on fighting poverty—might be slow to implement at home the same rules they benefit from abroad. And a number of nations, wealthy in the aggregate but often poorer per capita, might even think the rules don't apply to them.

當(dāng)然，在維護(hù)這些原則的時(shí)候，沒有一個(gè)國家是完美的，包括我自己的國家。我們都知道到給原則打折扣的誘惑力，我們都認(rèn)識(shí)到人類本性中那種對(duì)原則繞道而行的能力會(huì)不可避免地出現(xiàn)。有些國家正在那樣做而獲得短期的利益；有些發(fā)展中國家——它們正令人欽佩地集中精力與貧窮作斗爭——當(dāng)在國內(nèi)實(shí)施那些它們?cè)趪H貿(mào)易中獲益的相同的規(guī)則時(shí)或許行動(dòng)較為遲緩；還有一些整體富裕但按人均所得較貧困的國家，甚至可能認(rèn)為那些規(guī)則并不適用于它們。

In fact, all who benefit from open, free, transparent, and fair competition have a vital interest and a responsibility to follow the rules. Enough of the world's commerce takes place with developing nations, that leaving them out of the rules-based system would render the system unworkable. And that, ultimately, that would impoverish everyone.

事實(shí)上，對(duì)于所有那些在開放、自由、透明和公平的競爭中獲益的國家，那些規(guī)則不僅與它們的切身利益相關(guān)，而且它們有責(zé)任遵守。與發(fā)展中國家進(jìn)行的國際商務(wù)數(shù)額是如此龐大，任憑這部分商務(wù)被置身于有規(guī)則可循的系統(tǒng)之外，將使這個(gè)系統(tǒng)無法產(chǎn)生作用，而這最終將使所有人受損。

The businessmen and women of Asia seek the benefits that these principles offer. Malaysian manufacturers want access to markets overseas. Indian firms want fair treatment when they invest abroad. Chinese artists want to protect their creations from piracy. Every society seeking to develop a strong research and technology sector wants intellectual property protections because, without them, innovation comes with a much higher risk and fewer rewards. People everywhere want to have the chance to spend their earnings on products from other places, from refrigerators to iPods.

亞洲的男女企業(yè)家都在追求這些原則所帶來的利益。馬來西亞制造商需要進(jìn)入國際市場；印度公司在國外投資時(shí)希望獲得公平待遇；中國藝術(shù)家希望他們的作品不被盜版。每一個(gè)力圖發(fā)展強(qiáng)勁有力的科研技術(shù)行業(yè)的社會(huì)均希望保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)，因?yàn)闆]有這些保護(hù)將使創(chuàng)新的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加大、回報(bào)減少。全世界人民都希望有機(jī)會(huì)把自己的收入用于獲得從冰箱到iPod的其他地方的產(chǎn)品。

Now, these four principles are easily uttered and embraced, but they do not implement themselves. So our challenge is always to translate them into practice. And my country is hard at work doing that, and we encourage other governments to join us in this effort.

這四項(xiàng)原則容易表述和獲得贊同，但它們不會(huì)自動(dòng)落實(shí)。因此，我們的挑戰(zhàn)一貫是，要把它們轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際行動(dòng)。我的國家正在努力這樣做，我們也鼓勵(lì)其他國家政府參與我們這一努力。

The United States is taking steps to promote these principles around the world through multilateral and regional institutions, new trade agreements, and outreach to new partners, to enlist us all in the quest for inclusive, sustainable growth. These steps are connected to and build upon the work we are doing to revitalize our own economy.

美國正采取步驟，通過多邊與地區(qū)性機(jī)構(gòu)、新的貿(mào)易協(xié)定和主動(dòng)尋求新伙伴，在全世界促進(jìn)這些原則，讓世界各國共同追求包容的、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。這些步驟與我們正在進(jìn)行的重振我們本國經(jīng)濟(jì)的努力相關(guān)，并且也在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展。

First, we are working through regional and international institutions to achieve balanced, inclusive, and sustainable growth. That starts with our commitment to APEC, the premier organization for pursuing economic integration and growth in the Asia-Pacific region. And President Obama is pleased to be the chair and host of APEC this year in Hawaii.

首先，我們正在通過地區(qū)與國際機(jī)構(gòu)努力爭取平衡、包容與可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。這種努力始于我們對(duì)于亞太經(jīng)合組織的一貫支持，它是在亞太地區(qū)追求經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化及經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的主要機(jī)構(gòu)。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)很高興今年在夏威夷主辦并主持亞太經(jīng)合組織會(huì)議。

We want APEC to address next-generation trade and competition challenges, like strengthening global supply chains; empowering smaller companies to connect to global markets; promoting market-driven, non-discriminatory innovation policy. We are pursuing a low-carbon agenda by working to reduce barriers to trade in clean-energy technologies, and we hope to reach agreement on implementing transparency principles to promote economic growth and the rule of law on a 21st century field of play.

我們希望亞太經(jīng)合組織應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易與競爭的下一代挑戰(zhàn)，例如：加強(qiáng)全球供應(yīng)鏈、幫助小型企業(yè)與全球市場接軌、促進(jìn)由市場驅(qū)動(dòng)的、非歧視性的創(chuàng)新政策等。我們正通過努力降低清潔能源技術(shù)的貿(mào)易壁壘推行一個(gè)低碳議程，我們還希望就實(shí)施透明原則達(dá)成協(xié)議，以促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和21世紀(jì)競爭場上的法治。

Because burdensome regulations and incompatible sets of rules in different countries can hold back trade and growth every bit as much as tariffs, we are also working at APEC to find common ground on transparent, effective regulation, with broader public consultation and better coordination. The quality of the rules we put in place is just as important as our willingness to enforce them.

鑒于不同國家的繁文縟節(jié)和互不相容的規(guī)則如同關(guān)稅一樣阻礙貿(mào)易與增長，我們也在與亞太經(jīng)合組織共同努力，通過更廣泛的公共磋商和更好的協(xié)作，就透明、有效的規(guī)則找到共同基礎(chǔ)。我們采用的規(guī)則的質(zhì)量與我們實(shí)施這些規(guī)則的意愿同樣重要。

And I have to mention that discrimination against women is another barrier to fair competition and economic growth. A 2007 United Nations study found that the Asia-Pacific loses at least $58 billion of economic output every year because of restrictions on women's access to employment and gender gaps in education. So, as host of APEC, we are organizing a high-level Summit on Women and the Economy in San Francisco this September.

我必須指出的是，歧視婦女是公平競爭和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的另一障礙。據(jù)2007年聯(lián)合國發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告，由于限制婦女的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和教育領(lǐng)域的性別差異，亞太地區(qū)每年的經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出損失至少580億美元。因此，作為亞太經(jīng)合組織論壇的主辦國，我們將于今年9月在舊金山召開一次高級(jí)別的婦女與經(jīng)濟(jì)峰會(huì)。