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二、2012年工作總體部署

II. Major Steps to Be Taken in Government Work in 2012

今年是“十二五”時期承前啟后的重要一年，也是本屆政府任期的最后一年。我們要恪盡職守、銳意進取、攻堅克難，決不懈怠，交出一份人民滿意的答卷。

This year is an important year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the last year of the term of my government. We must dedicate ourselves to our duties, forge ahead with determination, tackle difficult problems directly, and work diligently to achieve results that satisfy the people.

我國發展仍處于重要戰略機遇期，在較長時期內繼續保持經濟平穩較快發展具備不少有利條件。工業化、城鎮化和農業現代化快速推進，消費結構和產業結構升級蘊藏著巨大的需求潛力；經過30多年改革開放，我國發展建立了良好的物質基礎和體制條件，宏觀調控經驗不斷豐富，企業競爭力和抗風險能力明顯提高；東部地區創新發展能力增強，中西部地區和東北等老工業基地發展潛力不斷釋放；經濟發展的傳統優勢依然存在，勞動力資源豐富、素質提高；財政收支狀況良好，金融體系運行穩健，社會資金比較充裕。世界經濟政治格局正在發生深刻變化，和平、發展、合作仍然是時代潮流，總體上有利于我國和平發展。我們要堅定信心，善于運用有利條件和積極因素，繼續抓住和用好重要戰略機遇期，推動經濟平穩較快發展，不斷增強我國的綜合國力和國際影響力。

We are still in an important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, and there are a number of favorable conditions for us to maintain steady and robust economic development for a long time. Industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization are proceeding rapidly, and improvements in the consumption pattern and the industrial structure will create huge potential demand. In the course of over 30 years of reform and opening up, we have built a solid material foundation and institutional conditions for development and gained rich experience in macro-control. Our enterprises have become significantly more competitive and resilient. The eastern region has greater capacity for innovation and development, and the development potential of the central and western regions and the old industrial bases in northeast China is being constantly unleashed. We still have our traditional strengths in economic development, as well as rich human resources and a more skilled workforce. We have a good balance between government revenue and expenditures and a sound financial system, and there is ample nongovernmental capital. The global economic and political patterns are undergoing profound changes; peace, development, and cooperation remain the underlying trends of the times, and overall the situation is favorable for China's peaceful development. We need to have firm confidence, capitalize on favorable conditions and factors, and continue to grasp and make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities to promote steady and robust economic development, and continue to enhance China's overall strength and its international influence.

我們要高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，堅持穩中求進，加強和改善宏觀調控，繼續處理好保持經濟平穩較快發展、調整經濟結構和管理通脹預期的關系，加快推進經濟發展方式轉變和經濟結構調整，著力擴大國內需求特別是消費需求，著力加強自主創新和節能減排，著力深化改革開放，著力保障和改善民生，全面推進社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設以及生態文明建設，努力實現經濟平穩較快發展和物價總水平基本穩定，保持社會和諧穩定，以經濟社會發展的優異成績迎接黨的十八大勝利召開。

We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, make progress while maintaining stability, and strengthen and improve macro-control. We will continue to balance maintaining steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations; accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjustment of the economic structure; vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand; make every effort to strengthen innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction; and strive to deepen reform and opening up and ensure and improve the people's wellbeing. We will comprehensively advance socialist economic development, political, cultural and social progress, and ecological awareness. We will strive to achieve steady and robust economic development and overall price stability, maintain social harmony and stability, and greet the coming Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC with outstanding achievements in economic and social development.

今年經濟社會發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長7．5%；城鎮新增就業900萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率控制在4．6%以內；居民消費價格漲幅控制在4%左右；進出口總額增長10%左右，國際收支狀況繼續改善。同時，要在產業結構調整、自主創新、節能減排等方面取得新進展，城鄉居民收入實際增長和經濟增長保持同步。這里要著重說明，國內生產總值增長目標略微調低，主要是要與“十二五”規劃目標逐步銜接，引導各方面把工作著力點放到加快轉變經濟發展方式、切實提高經濟發展質量和效益上來，以利于實現更長時期、更高水平、更好質量發展。提出居民消費價格漲幅控制在4%左右，綜合考慮了輸入性通脹因素、要素成本上升影響以及居民承受能力，也為價格改革預留一定空間。

The main targets for this year's economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by 7.5%, create more than 9 million new jobs in towns and cities, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%, hold increases in the CPI to around 4%, increase the volume of total exports and imports by around 10%, and continue to improve our balance of payments. At the same time, we will make further progress in industrial restructuring, innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction, and ensure that both urban and rural residents' real incomes increase in line with economic growth. Here I wish to stress that in setting a slightly lower GDP growth rate, we hope to make it fit with targets in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and to guide people in all sectors to focus their work on accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making economic development more sustainable and efficient, so as to achieve higher-level, higher-quality development over a longer period of time. In projecting a CPI increase of around 4%, we have taken into account imported inflation, rising costs of factors of production, and people's ability to absorb the impact of price increases, while leaving room for the effect of price reforms.

綜合考慮各方面情況，要繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，根據形勢變化適時適度預調微調，進一步提高政策的針對性、靈活性和前瞻性。

Taking into consideration all relevant factors, we will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, carry out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, and make our policies more targeted, flexible, and anticipatory.

繼續實施積極的財政政策。保持適度的財政赤字和國債規模。今年擬安排財政赤字8000億元，赤字率下降到1．5%左右，其中中央財政赤字5500億元，代發地方債2500億元。優化財政支出結構、突出重點，更加注重向民生領域傾斜，加大對教育、文化、醫療衛生、就業、社會保障、保障性安居工程等方面的投入。更加注重加強薄弱環節，加大對“三農”、欠發達地區、科技創新和節能環保、水利、地質找礦等的支持。更加注重勤儉節約，嚴格控制“三公經費”，大力精簡會議和文件，深化公務用車制度改革，進一步降低行政成本。繼續控制樓堂館所建設規模和標準，壓縮大型運動會場館建設投入。全面加強對重點領域、重點部門和重點資金的審計。實施結構性減稅。認真落實和完善支持小型微型企業和個體工商戶發展的各項稅收優惠政策，開展營業稅改征增值稅試點。繼續對行政事業性收費和政府性基金進行清理、整合和規范。加強地方政府性債務管理和風險防范。按照分類管理、區別對待、逐步化解的原則，繼續妥善處理存量債務。進一步清理規范地方政府融資平臺公司。堅決禁止各級政府以各種形式違規擔保、承諾。同時，把短期應對措施和長期制度建設結合起來，嚴格控制地方政府新增債務，將地方政府債務收支分類納入預算管理。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy. We will keep the deficit and government debt at appropriate levels. This year, we are projecting a deficit of 800 billion yuan, a decrease to around 1.5% of GDP, which consists of a 550 billion yuan central government deficit and 250 billion yuan of bonds issued on behalf of local governments. We will improve the structure of expenditures and give priority to spending in key areas. We will increase spending on areas which are important to the people's wellbeing, such as education, culture, medical and health care, employment, social security, and low-income housing projects. We will pay greater attention to strengthening weak links, and increase funding for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, underdeveloped areas, scientific and technological innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, water conservancy, and geological prospecting. We will be more economical; strictly restrict spending on official overseas trips, vehicles for official use, and official hospitality; greatly reduce meetings and documents; deepen reform of the system for the use of official cars; and further reduce administrative costs. We will continue to restrict the construction of office buildings in terms of both size and grades, and reduce spending on building large gymnasiums and stadiums. We will also comprehensively strengthen auditing of key areas, sectors, and funds. We will introduce structural tax reductions. We will fully implement and improve all preferential tax policies to support the development of small, micro and individually owned businesses, and carry out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT. We will continue to investigate the collection and use of administrative fees and operations of government-managed funds, merge them where necessary, and ensure fees are collected and government-managed funds are operated in a standardized way. We will strengthen supervision of local government debt and guard against risks. We will continue to deal with outstanding debts properly by classifying them into different categories and managing them accordingly, dealing with different situations differently, and resolving problems gradually. We will further investigate and standardize financing companies run by local governments. Governments at all levels are prohibited from making guarantees and promises in this respect in violation of laws and regulations. At the same time, we will both take short-term measures and build permanent systems, strictly limit new local government debt, and place revenue and expenditures of local government debt under budgetary management on the basis of their type.

繼續實施穩健的貨幣政策。按照總量適度、審慎靈活的要求，兼顧促進經濟平穩較快發展、保持物價穩定和防范金融風險。綜合運用各種貨幣政策工具，調節好貨幣信貸供求，保持社會融資規模合理增長。廣義貨幣預期增長14%。優化信貸結構，支持國家重點在建、續建項目和保障性安居工程建設，加強對符合產業政策、有市場需求的企業特別是小型微型企業的信貸支持，切實降低實體經濟融資成本。繼續嚴格控制對高耗能、高污染和產能過剩行業的貸款。完善人民幣匯率形成機制，增強人民幣匯率雙向浮動彈性，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩定。大力發展外匯市場，豐富外匯產品，為市場主體提供更多的匯率避險工具，管好用好外匯儲備。建立健全系統性金融風險防范和監管協調機制，增強抵御風險能力。加強跨境資本流動監控。規范各類借貸行為，引導民間融資健康發展。

We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy. We aim to promote steady and robust economic development, keep prices stable, and guard against financial risks by keeping the total money and credit supply at an appropriate level, and taking a cautious yet flexible approach. We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools, appropriately adjust the supply and demand of money and credit, and maintain proper growth of financing from nongovernment sources. The broad money supply is projected to increase by 14%. We will improve the credit structure, support key state projects that are under construction or expansion and low-income housing projects, and increase credit support to enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, whose operations are in accordance with industrial policies and whose products have market demand. We will effectively reduce the financing costs of the real economy, and continue to strictly restrict loans to industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity. We will improve the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, make the floating exchange rate regime more flexible, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level. We will vigorously develop the foreign exchange market, diversify foreign exchange products, and provide more tools for market participants to hedge foreign exchange risks. We will manage and utilize our foreign exchange reserves well. We will set up a sound mechanism for preventing systemic financial risks and for coordinating financial oversight and supervision to strengthen our ability to withstand risks. We will tighten oversight on cross-border flows of capital, standardize all types of lending activities, and guide the sound development of private financing.

全面做好今年的工作，必須堅持突出主題、貫穿主線、統籌兼顧、協調推進，把穩增長、控物價、調結構、惠民生、抓改革、促和諧更好地結合起來。穩增長，就是要堅持擴大內需、穩定外需，大力發展實體經濟，努力克服國內外各種不穩定不確定因素的影響，及時解決苗頭性、傾向性問題，保持經濟平穩運行。控物價，就是要繼續采取綜合措施，保持物價總水平基本穩定，防止價格走勢反彈。調結構，就是要有扶有控，提高經濟增長質量和效益，增強發展的協調性和可持續性。惠民生，就是要堅持把保障改善民生作為工作的根本出發點和落腳點，把促進社會公平正義放在更加突出的位置，切實辦成一些讓人民群眾得實惠的好事實事。抓改革，就是要以更大的決心和氣力推進改革開放，著力解決影響經濟社會長期健康發展的體制性、結構性矛盾，在一些重點領域和關鍵環節取得新突破。以開放促改革、促發展、促創新。促和諧，就是要正確處理改革、發展、穩定三者關系，積極有效化解各種矛盾和風險隱患，防止局部性問題演變成全局性問題，促進社會和諧穩定。

To ensure success in all our work this year, we must uphold the theme of scientific development, take transforming the pattern of economic development as the main thread, adopt a holistic approach, and coordinate all our work. We must coordinate efforts to achieve steady growth, control prices, adjust the economic structure, improve the people's wellbeing, implement reform, and promote harmony.

To achieve steady growth, we will continue to expand domestic demand and keep foreign demand stable, vigorously develop the real economy, work hard to counter the impact of various factors of instability and uncertainty at home and abroad, promptly resolve emerging issues that signal unfavorable trends, and maintain stable economic performance.

To control prices, we will continue to take comprehensive measures to maintain basic overall price stability and prevent a rebound of inflation.

To adjust the economic structure, we will support development in some areas while limiting growth in others, improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and make development more coordinated and sustainable.

To improve the people's wellbeing, we will continue to take ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing as the fundamental starting point and goal of our work, give higher priority to promoting social fairness and justice, and take a number of initiatives that will bring substantive benefits to the people.

To implement reform, we will carry out reform and opening up with greater determination and effort, solve institutional and structural problems that hinder long-term sound economic and social development, and make breakthroughs in key areas and crucial links. We will spur reform, development and innovation through opening up.

To promote harmony, we will properly balance reform, development, and stability; effectively defuse various types of conflicts, risks, and dangers; prevent isolated problems from growing into major ones; and promote social harmony and stability.